Disorders of Dizziness Flashcards
What is diziness
Often a feeling of imbalance (disequilibrium) without a true sensation of turning or spinning
Dizziness is the top 3 symptoms after what
MVA
Head trauma
30% of elderly pts
What is a presyncope
Typical sensation one experiences prior to fainting
what are the reasons for a synocope
med side effects
heart or vascular probs
orthostatic hypotension
Is lightheadness a common complaint from pts w vestibular probs
No
Red flags of a syncope
no warning exertion palpitations, chest pain cardiac hx of evets known arrhythmias laing supine prolonged LOC
What is ataxia
Failure of mm coordination w/o weakness
What to test when suspecting ataxia
Vestibular apparatus
cerebellum
proprioceptopn
What is subjective vs objective vertigo
Subjective- spinning expressed as self rotation
Objective- rot of the surrounding environment
Peripheral vs central localization vertigo, nystagmus, hearing loss, brainsem signs
Peripheral- severe vertigo, nystagmus always present unidirectional (not vertical tho), Hearing loss often present, brains, signs absent
Central- less severe vertigo, uni or bi directional (may be vert), hearing loss rarely present, brains signs present
Outcome measures of dizziness (3)
- dizziness handicap inventory
- Tinnitus handicap inventory
- Ataxia/balance
Grading dizziness handicap index (what is worse)
higher score= greater handicap
red flags of dizziness
diplopia dysarthria dysphagia hemiparesis bowel/bladder dysrhythmia LOC
Vestibular function tests
Dix halpike
Rotating chair test
pivot chair test
spontaneous nystagmout
What is Menderes disease
excessive amount of endolymph in membranous labrynth
how to dx menieres
hx and physical
Audiogram
EENT/neuro exams
- -Auditory brain stem response
- CT
- -MRI
tx of Menieres (3)
Diet and life style- Low salt, avoid caffeine, smoking, alcohol, regular sleep, remain physically active
Meds- Diuretic combines w low salt is primary tx
Surgery (for seriously disabling conditions)
what is motion sickness
a motion or visual stim to which the person has not adapted
What is ototoxicity and examples
Aminoglycosides are common antibiotics that are known to damage the inner ear
Streptomycin, gentamicin (damage to vestibular system)
Kanamycin, tobramycin and amikacin (damage to auditory system)
what is a acoustic neuroma and symotoms
a Benign tumor of the schwann cells of the 8th cranial nerve
-impaied balance/hearing
