Vasculitis Flashcards
Which type of vasculitis is Henoch-Schoenlein purpura?
Small vessel
Which type of vasculitis is eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and what is it’s other name?
- Small/medium vessel
2. Churg-Strauss syndrome
Which type of vasculitis is microscopic polyangiitis?
Small vessel
Which type of vasculitis is granulomatosis with polyangiitis and what is it’s other name?
- Small vessel
2. Wegener’s syndrome
Which type of vasculitis is polyarteritis nodosa?
Medium vessel
Which type of vasculitis is Kawasaki disease?
Medium vessel
Which type of vasculitis is giant cell arteritis?
Large vessel
Which type of vasculitis is Takayasu’s arteritis?
Large vessel
What is this a presentation of?
Purpura, joint and muscle pain, peripheral neuropathy, renal impairment, GI upset, anterior uveitis/scleritis, hypertension, systemic symptoms.
Vasculitis
Which antibodies are involved in vasculitis?
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic (ANCA):
- p-ANCA (anti-MPO) - microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss syndrome
- c-ANCA (antiPR3) - Wegener’s syndrome
What is tested for to confirm vasculitis?
- Inflammatory markers - raised
2. Antibodies
What is the pharmaceutical management for vasculitis?
- Steroids targeted at affected area
- Immunosuppressants - cyclophosphamide, methotrexate
- Supportive in HSP
- Aspirin and IV Ig in Kawasaki
What is the pathophysiology of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura and what is the common patient group?
- IgA deposits in blood vessels systemically often triggered by URTI/GI infection.
- Children under age 10
What is the typical condition that Churg-Strauss syndrome presents with?
Severe asthma in teens/adulthood
What are the main features of microscopic polyangiitis?
- Renal failure
2. Shortness of breath and haemoptysis in lungs
What is the classic sign in Wegener’s syndrome?
- Saddle shaped nose due to perforated nasal septum
2. Affects lungs, kidneys, nose, ears, and sinuses.
Which infection is commonly associated with polyarteritis nodosa and what rash is it associated with?
- Hepatitis B (can occur in Hep C/HIV)
2. Livedo reticularis
Which age group is affected by Kawasaki disease and what are the clinical features?
- Children under age 5
2. High fever, erythematous rash, bilateral conjunctivitis, erythema and desquamation of skin, strawberry tongue.
Which vessels are mainly affected in Takayasu’s arteritis?
Aorta and its branches, can affect pulmonary arteries.
