Vasculitis Flashcards
What is stasis dermatitis?
Erythematous, pruritic, scaling patches on the lower extremities due to impaired venous circulation
What are the chronic skin changes that result from stasis dermatitis?
Edema
hyperpigmentation
Ulcers
What is vasculitis? How does it appear?
Inflammation of the blood vessels that appears as palpable purpuric papule /
What is atrophy?
Thinning or depression of skin d/t reduction of the underlying tissue
Is stasis dermatitis related to venous or arterial issues?
Venous
What are the two major systemic issues that cause stasis dermatitis?
DM Atherosclerosis
What are the three major, general causes of capillary disease?
- Dilation
- Disruption
- Defect
Which is a more common cause of leg ulcers: venous or arterial issues?
Venous
What are the two major risk factors for the development and persistence of ulcers?
Smoking
Obesity
What is the general appearance of arterial ulcers? Where on the body do they usually occur?
- Lower, lateral leg
- Punched out”, with well demarcated edges and a pale base
What are the associated skin findings of arterial ulcers? (2)
Loss of hair
Shiny, atrophic skin
True or false: there is often an exudate with arterial ulcers
False–lack of blood supply means none
Which usually has stasis pigmentation: arterial or venous causes of stasis?
Venous
Which usually has lipodermatosclerosis: arterial or venous causes of stasis?
venous
What are the associated symptoms of arterial ulcers?
Claudication and pain
What is the normal value of the ABI?
More than 0.90
What position should the patient be in when testing the ABI?
Supine
True or false: once the ABI is down, it is too late for preventative measures
True
What may cause a false elevation of the AKI?
ASCVD
What causes the hyperpigmentation with venous insufficiency?
Hemosiderin deposits
What are the usual findings with venous insufficiency of the LEs
Erythematous, brown plaques with fine fissuring and scaling
True or false: venous stasis dermatitis is usually pruritic
True
Which has atrophy and which has swelling: venous vs arterial insufficiency
Swelling = venous Atrophy = arterial
What, generally, causes venous stasis dermatitis?
Incompetent valves
Which gender is predisposed to venous insufficiency?
Females
True or false: prolonged standing is a risk factor for the development of venous stasis dermatitis
True