Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Specialty Medicine > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What are the arytenoids?

A

Cartilaginous structures that surround the opening of the trachea, and adjust the vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the changes that occur with viral laryngitis?

A

Free edges become swollen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What causes vocal cord polyps?

A

Irritation of the vocal cords, causing a blood vessel inflammatory reaction which forms a polyp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or false: vocal cord polyps are usually bilateral

A

False–unilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Are vocal cord polyps usually a slow onset or acute onset?

A

Acute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the treatment for vocal cord polyps?

A

Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is polypoid corditis?

A

Many polyps that cover the vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the causes of polypoid corditis?

A
  • Reflux
  • Smoking
  • Talker
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the treatment for polypoid corditis?

A

Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the recurrence rate of polypoid corditis?

A

Very low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the issues with polypoid corditis?

A

Trouble breathing, and speaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are traumatic granulomas?

A

chronic irritation of the vocal cords causes a granulation tissue to form, which will eventually turn into a scar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the signs of acid reflux?

A
  • Postcricoid and interarytenoid edema
  • Thickening of the skin
  • Reinke’s edema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Reinke’s edema?

A

Edema of the tissue beneath the vocal cords that causes vocal cord swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the treatment for early onset traumatic granuloma?

A

Steroids and reflux control can reverse the process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the point where surgery is absolutely indicated for traumatic granulomas?

A

If the granulation tissue becomes fibrotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When should the vocal cords be visualized after intubation?

A

If hoarseness persists after 10 ish days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are vocal cord nodules?

A

callouses of the vocal cords d/t repetitive motion and irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or false: vocal cord nodules are almost always bilateral and symmetrical

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What causes vocal cord nodules?

A

Rubbing of the vocal cords against each other causes chronic irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What usually causes vocal cord nodules?

A

-Acid reflux causes inflammation of the vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or false: almost all patients who have reflux in the trachea have heartburn

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the s/sx of vocal cord nodules?

A
  • Quality of voice affected

- bolus/ chronic throat clearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the treatment for vocal cord nodules?

A
  • Reflux management
  • Voice therapy for vocal hygiene
  • NOT surgical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

True or false: vocal cord nodules are a surgical fix

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

True or false: with appropriate treatment, vocal cord nodules usually diappear

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

True or false: laryngeal cancer is incurable

A

False–very curable when caught in the early stages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Smokers with a new onset of hoarseness always need to be evaluated for what?

A

Laryngeal cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the focus of treatment for laryngeal cancer?

A

Laryngeal preservation if possible

30
Q

What is the treatment for laryngeal cancer?

A

Surgery, often combined with local XRT

31
Q

True or false: laryngeal cancer tends to metastasize early

A

False–not until late in the disease course

32
Q

True or false: laryngeal cancer is a smoker’s disease

A

true, for the most part

33
Q

What causes pachyderm larynx?

A

Acid reflux

34
Q

True or false: even a small amount of vocal fold edema can have a dramatic impact of vocal quality

A

True

35
Q

True or false: swelling of the vocal cords must occur to have acid reflux causing edema

A

False

36
Q

What are the s/sx of reflux laryngitis? (4)

A
  • Dysphonia
  • Globus
  • Throat clearing
  • Chronic cough
37
Q

How common is reflux laryngitis?

A

Very

38
Q

True or false: patients with reflux laryngitis often lack the heartburn or regurg sensation

A

True

39
Q

What is the treatment for reflux laryngitis?

A
  • Lifestyle modifications

- PPIs

40
Q

What are the drinks that lead to reflux laryngitis?

A
  • Coffee
  • Spicy foods
  • Orange juice
41
Q

Do patients need to be on PPIs for life with reflux laryngitis?

A

Not usually

42
Q

Child with a smoker’s voice = ?

A

Chronic reflux laryngitis

43
Q

2 year old diagnosed with asthma = ?

A

Acid relfux

44
Q

True or false: most kids who have reflux laryngitis will outgrow it

A

True

45
Q

What is the treatment for reflux laryngitis in kids?

A
  • PPIs

- Voice therapy

46
Q

Laryngomalacia is more common in which gender?

A

Males

47
Q

What are the usual s/sx of laryngomalacia?

A
  • Hoarse cry

- Inspiratory stridor when upset

48
Q

True or false: laryngomalacia is usually self limited

A

True

49
Q

What are the signs of tracheomalacia?

A
  • Folding of the arytenoids

- Curling of the epiglottis

50
Q

Why inspiratory stridor with laryngomalacia?

A

Arytenoids are sucked in when breathing in

51
Q

When does laryngomalacia usually present?

A

1st or 2nd month of life

52
Q

True or false; there is a strong relationship of laryngomalacia with reflux disease

A

True

53
Q

True or false: surgery is often indicated for laryngomalacia

A

False–very rare. For children who are fail to thrive

54
Q

What type of stridor is had with laryngomalacia (inspiratory or expiratory)?

A

Inspiratory

55
Q

How common is vocal cord dysfunction?

A

Very common

56
Q

What are the s/sx of vocal cord dysfunction?

A
  • Inspiratory stridor
  • cough
  • Variant asthma
  • PVC motion
57
Q

What are the causes of vocal cord dysfunction?

A

External irritants

58
Q

Blunted inspiratory loop = ?

A

External obstruction

59
Q

What is the treatment for vocal cord dysfunction?

A
  • Control irritants
  • Speech therapy
  • Reflux control
60
Q

What is the nerve that controls the vocal cord?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

61
Q

What are the symptoms of one vocal cord impairment?

A

Sudden onset Hoarse, breathy voice

62
Q

What causes vocal cord paralysis? Prognosis?

A
  • Viral inflammation of the nerve

- Self limited

63
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of what nerve?

A

CN X

64
Q

What are the s/sx of bilateral vocal cord paralysis?

A

Voice is fine, but cannot breathe

65
Q

What are the effects of vocal cord hemorrhages?

A

Edema, but unless professional voice user, not much lasting effects

66
Q

What is the treatment for a vocal cord hemorrhage?

A

Self limiting, but can give steroids to prevent inflammatory changes

67
Q

Who usually gets laryngeal papillomas?

A

Children

68
Q

What causes laryngeal cysts?

A

The glands of the larynx gets inflamed

69
Q

What is the treatment for vocal cord candidiasis?

A

Oral antifungals

70
Q

What are the signs of vocal cord leukoplakia?

A

White patch of Leukoplakia on the vocal cords

Specialty Medicine (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions