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Specialty Medicine > Infectious derm 1 > Flashcards

Infectious derm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an exanthem?

A

Rash that appears abruptly and involves several areas of skin at once

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2
Q

What is an enanthem?

A

An eruption upon a mucous membrane

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3
Q

What are the 6 examthems of childhood?

A 
1 = rubeloa
2 = Scarlet fever
3 = rubella
4 = Staph scalded skin syndrome
5 = Erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek)
6 = Exanthem subitum
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4
Q

What is the cause of first disease?

A

Rubeola )measles

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5
Q

What is the cause of second disease?

A

Strep pyogenes

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6
Q

What is the cause of third disease?

A

Rubella (german measles)

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7
Q

What is the cause of fourth disease?

A

Coxsackie or echo
OR
Staph aureus

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8
Q

What is the cause of fifth’s diseasE?

A

Parvovirus B19

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9
Q

What is the cause of sixth disease?

A

HHV6

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10
Q

What are the three Cs of measles?

A

Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis

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11
Q

What are the exanthem like with measles?

A

Erythematous macules and papules which being on the face and spear cephalo-caudad centrifugally

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12
Q

What are the complications from measles?

A
  • Encephalitis leading to MR

- URI issues

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13
Q

What is the usual course for measles?

A

Improve within 2 days of rash onset, but lasts 7-14 days

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14
Q

What are the prodrome s/sx of rubella?

A

ILI with conjunctivitis and LAD

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15
Q

What are the exanthem like with rubella?

A

Pruritic, pink to red macules and papules that being on the face and spread to the neck, trunk, and extremities over 24 hours

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16
Q

What are the enanthem of rubella?

A

Petechial lesions of soft palate and uvula

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17
Q

What is the rash like with fifth’s disease? What classically makes it worse?

A

Slapped cheeks + lacy rash

Made worse with heat

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18
Q

What is the difference in progression of measles vs chickenpox?

A

Measles = all change at same time

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19
Q

What are the major complications from rubella?

A

Fetal:

  • Cataracts
  • Sensorineural deafness
  • PDA
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20
Q

What is the progression of the exanthem with erythema infectiosum?

A

Starts with bright red cheeks, then progressing to a reticular rash that appears on the trunk and extremities

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21
Q

When are children most infectious with erythema infectiosum?

A

Before the onset of the rash

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22
Q

What is the cause of erythema infectiosum, and how is it spread?

A

Parvovirus b19–respiratory secretions, or vertical transmission to the fetus

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23
Q

What ages most commonly get erythema infectiosum?

A

4-10 years

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24
Q

What are the adult s/sx of erythema infectiosum?

A

Arthralgias

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25
Q

How long may the rash persist for with erythema infectiosum? What classically makes it worse?

A

weeks to months

Sunlight, hot temps

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26
Q

What is the other name, and cause of sixth’s disease?

A

Exanthem subitum

HHV 6

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27
Q

What are the prodromal s/sx of exanthem subitum?

A

Higher fever
palpebral edema
URI

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28
Q

What is the exanthem like with exanthem subitum?

A

Pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos

begins on the neck and spread to proximal extremities

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29
Q

Name the disease:

  • Pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos
  • begins on the neck and spread to proximal extremities
A

Exanthem subitum

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30
Q

What is the age range that is usually affected with exanthem subitum?

A

6 months - 4 years

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31
Q

What is the most common exanthem before age 2?

A

Exanthem subitum

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32
Q

True or false: latent HHV 6 often causes reactivation s/sx

A

false–only if immunocompromised, or with drug reaction (usually)

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33
Q

What are the prodromal s/sx of hand-foot-and-mouth disease? (3)

A

Fever
Severe Sore throat
Malaise

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34
Q

What is the progression of the rash like with hand foot and mouth disease?

A
  1. Bright pink macules and papules
  2. painful vesicles with erythematous halos,
  3. erosions with surrounding edema
35
Q

name that disease’s rash:

  1. Bright pink macules and papules
  2. painful vesicles with erythematous halos,
  3. erosions with surrounding edema
A

Hand foot and mouth disease

36
Q

What is the distribution of the rash in hand foot and mouth disease?

A

Starts in the mouth, later on hands and feet

37
Q

What are the enanthem of hand foot and mouth disease?

A

erythematous erosions, resembling canker sores

38
Q

what causes hand foot and mouth disease?

A

Coxsackievirus a16 or enterovirus or echovirus

39
Q

True or false: hand foot and mouth disease is highly infectious

A

True

40
Q

When in the year is the incidence of hand foot and mouth disease the highest?

A

Late summer and early fall

41
Q

What other diseases do coxsackieviruses cause besides hand foot and mouth disease?

A

Carditis and pleuritis

42
Q

How long does hand foot and mouth disease last for?

A

resolves within 10 days

43
Q

What is the prodrome of varicella?

A

asymptomatic to ILI

44
Q

What is the rash like with varicella?

A

Progresses from macules to papules, to vesicles over 12-24 hours. Tends to start on the face, then move to trunk

45
Q

Name the rash: Progresses from macules to papules, to vesicles over 12-24 hours. Tends to start on the face, then move to trunk

A

Varicella

46
Q

What is the incubation period for varicella?

A

2-3 weeks

47
Q

What is the infectious agent with molluscum contagiosum?

A

dsDNA poxvirus

48
Q

What is the only DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm?

A

poxvirus

49
Q

What are the lesions like with molluscum contagiosum?

A

Umbilicated, dome shaped papules that may autoinoculate from one part of the body to another

50
Q

How long do the lesions with molluscum contagiosum last for?

A

6-9 months

51
Q

What is the treatment for molluscum contagiosum in adults? What about for children?

A

Liquid nitrogen

Child = conservative therapy

52
Q

What is variolae?

A

Smallpox (poxviridae)

53
Q

What is Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

A

Self limited cutaneous response to various immunological triggers, caused by Hep B, EBV, others

54
Q

What are the prodromal s/sx of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

A

Diarrhea or URI

maybe HSM or LAD

55
Q

What is the rash like with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome? Where on the body is it found?

A
  • Monomorphous pink to red-brown papules or papulovesicles that is pruritic
  • Symmetric on face, extensor surfaces
56
Q

What is the better name for Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

A

Papular acrodermatitis of childhood

57
Q

What is the age range that Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is seen in?

A

6 mo - 15 years

58
Q

what is the treatment for Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

A

Steroids for pruritis

59
Q

How long does the rash last for with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

A

10-60 days

60
Q

What is pityriasis rosea?

A

URI precedes it, but Rash that presents with a “herald rash” followed by a full body rash.

61
Q

What is the age range that gets pityriasis rosea?

A

10-35 years

62
Q

What is the prodromal rash with pityriasis rosea?

A

Tinea corporis-like with peripheral scaling and central clearing

63
Q

What is the rash like with pityriasis rosea?

A

Christmas tree pattern that is salmon colored and mildly pruritic

64
Q

Christmas tree pattern that is salmon colored and mildly pruritic = ?

A

pityriasis rosea

65
Q

What layer of the skin does HPV infect?

A

Basal the keratinocytes

66
Q

What are the HPV types for: verrucae vulgaris (2)?

A

2

4

67
Q

What are the HPV types for: verrucae plana (2)?

A

3

10

68
Q

What is the HPV type for: palmoplantar warts (1)?

A

1

69
Q

What do common warts look like?

A

cauliflower

70
Q

What do flat warts look like?

A

flat topped and less keratotic

Flesh colored

71
Q

What do palmoplantar warts look like?

A

Thick, endophytic papules

72
Q

What are the mosaic warts of the palmoplantar variety?

A

Plantar warts coalescing into large plaques

73
Q

What are the symptoms of palmoplantar warts?

A

Pain with weight bearing

74
Q

What do genital warts look like?

A

hyperkeratotic or dermal flesh colored papules that vary in size from 1 mm to 10 cm

75
Q

What are the two ways that drugs kill warts?

A

Stimulate immune system or destroy

76
Q

What should be done if mom is having an active outbreak of HSV prior to delivery?

A

C-section

77
Q

What is the rash like with shingles?

A

erythematous macules and papules which progress to vesicles within 12-24 hours, and then pustules

78
Q

true or false: the pain usually precedes the rash with shingles

A

True

79
Q

What is the rash that is had with kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

Erythematous macules or papules that develop into violaceous plaques and nodules

80
Q

Erythematous macules or papules that develop into violaceous plaques and nodules = ?

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

81
Q

What is erythrasma? What does it look like?

A

Chronic bacterial infection caused by corynebacterium, that tends to affect the toes, groin, and axilla

Presents as a red spot/patch that is sharply demarcated

82
Q

What are the symptoms of erythrasma?

A

Pruritic

83
Q

What is the treatment for erythrasma? (2)

A

Wash with benzoyl peroxide, followed by topical erythromycin

84
Q

What will a Wood’s lamp show with erythrasma?

A

Coral Red fluorescence

Specialty Medicine (36 decks)

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