Infectious derm 1 Flashcards by tcarlso 3

What is an exanthem?

Rash that appears abruptly and involves several areas of skin at once

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What is an enanthem?

An eruption upon a mucous membrane

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What are the 6 examthems of childhood?

1 = rubeloa
2 = Scarlet fever
3 = rubella
4 = Staph scalded skin syndrome
5 = Erythema infectiosum (slapped cheek)
6 = Exanthem subitum

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What is the cause of first disease?

Rubeola )measles

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What is the cause of second disease?

Strep pyogenes

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What is the cause of third disease?

Rubella (german measles)

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What is the cause of fourth disease?

Coxsackie or echo
OR
Staph aureus

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What is the cause of fifth’s diseasE?

Parvovirus B19

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What is the cause of sixth disease?

HHV6

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What are the three Cs of measles?

Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis

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What are the exanthem like with measles?

Erythematous macules and papules which being on the face and spear cephalo-caudad centrifugally

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What are the complications from measles?

Encephalitis leading to MR

- URI issues

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What is the usual course for measles?

Improve within 2 days of rash onset, but lasts 7-14 days

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What are the prodrome s/sx of rubella?

ILI with conjunctivitis and LAD

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What are the exanthem like with rubella?

Pruritic, pink to red macules and papules that being on the face and spread to the neck, trunk, and extremities over 24 hours

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What are the enanthem of rubella?

Petechial lesions of soft palate and uvula

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What is the rash like with fifth’s disease? What classically makes it worse?

Slapped cheeks + lacy rash

Made worse with heat

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What is the difference in progression of measles vs chickenpox?

Measles = all change at same time

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What are the major complications from rubella?

Fetal:

Cataracts
Sensorineural deafness
PDA

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What is the progression of the exanthem with erythema infectiosum?

Starts with bright red cheeks, then progressing to a reticular rash that appears on the trunk and extremities

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When are children most infectious with erythema infectiosum?

Before the onset of the rash

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What is the cause of erythema infectiosum, and how is it spread?

Parvovirus b19–respiratory secretions, or vertical transmission to the fetus

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What ages most commonly get erythema infectiosum?

4-10 years

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What are the adult s/sx of erythema infectiosum?

Arthralgias

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How long may the rash persist for with erythema infectiosum? What classically makes it worse?

weeks to months | Sunlight, hot temps

What is the other name, and cause of sixth's disease?

Exanthem subitum | HHV 6

What are the prodromal s/sx of exanthem subitum?

Higher fever palpebral edema URI

What is the exanthem like with exanthem subitum?

Pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos begins on the neck and spread to proximal extremities

Name the disease: - Pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos - begins on the neck and spread to proximal extremities

Exanthem subitum

What is the age range that is usually affected with exanthem subitum?

6 months - 4 years

What is the most common exanthem before age 2?

Exanthem subitum

True or false: latent HHV 6 often causes reactivation s/sx

false--only if immunocompromised, or with drug reaction (usually)

What are the prodromal s/sx of hand-foot-and-mouth disease? (3)

Fever Severe Sore throat Malaise

What is the progression of the rash like with hand foot and mouth disease?

1. Bright pink macules and papules 2. painful vesicles with erythematous halos, 3. erosions with surrounding edema

name that disease's rash: 1. Bright pink macules and papules 2. painful vesicles with erythematous halos, 3. erosions with surrounding edema

Hand foot and mouth disease

What is the distribution of the rash in hand foot and mouth disease?

Starts in the mouth, later on hands and feet

What are the enanthem of hand foot and mouth disease?

erythematous erosions, resembling canker sores

what causes hand foot and mouth disease?

Coxsackievirus a16 or enterovirus or echovirus

True or false: hand foot and mouth disease is highly infectious

True

When in the year is the incidence of hand foot and mouth disease the highest?

Late summer and early fall

What other diseases do coxsackieviruses cause besides hand foot and mouth disease?

Carditis and pleuritis

How long does hand foot and mouth disease last for?

resolves within 10 days

What is the prodrome of varicella?

asymptomatic to ILI

What is the rash like with varicella?

Progresses from macules to papules, to vesicles over 12-24 hours. Tends to start on the face, then move to trunk

Name the rash: Progresses from macules to papules, to vesicles over 12-24 hours. Tends to start on the face, then move to trunk

Varicella

What is the incubation period for varicella?

2-3 weeks

What is the infectious agent with molluscum contagiosum?

dsDNA poxvirus

What is the only DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm?

poxvirus

What are the lesions like with molluscum contagiosum?

Umbilicated, dome shaped papules that may autoinoculate from one part of the body to another

How long do the lesions with molluscum contagiosum last for?

6-9 months

What is the treatment for molluscum contagiosum in adults? What about for children?

Liquid nitrogen Child = conservative therapy

What is variolae?

Smallpox (poxviridae)

What is Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

Self limited cutaneous response to various immunological triggers, caused by Hep B, EBV, others

What are the prodromal s/sx of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

Diarrhea or URI maybe HSM or LAD

What is the rash like with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome? Where on the body is it found?

- Monomorphous pink to red-brown papules or papulovesicles that is pruritic - Symmetric on face, extensor surfaces

What is the better name for Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

Papular acrodermatitis of childhood

What is the age range that Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is seen in?

6 mo - 15 years

what is the treatment for Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

Steroids for pruritis

How long does the rash last for with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome?

10-60 days

What is pityriasis rosea?

URI precedes it, but Rash that presents with a "herald rash" followed by a full body rash.

What is the age range that gets pityriasis rosea?

10-35 years

What is the *prodromal* rash with pityriasis rosea?

Tinea corporis-like with peripheral scaling and central clearing

What is the rash like with pityriasis rosea?

Christmas tree pattern that is salmon colored and mildly pruritic

Christmas tree pattern that is salmon colored and mildly pruritic = ?

pityriasis rosea

What layer of the skin does HPV infect?

Basal the keratinocytes

What are the HPV types for: verrucae vulgaris (2)?

2 | 4

What are the HPV types for: verrucae plana (2)?

3 | 10

What is the HPV type for: palmoplantar warts (1)?

What do common warts look like?

cauliflower

What do flat warts look like?

flat topped and less keratotic | Flesh colored

What do palmoplantar warts look like?

Thick, endophytic papules

What are the mosaic warts of the palmoplantar variety?

Plantar warts coalescing into large plaques

What are the symptoms of palmoplantar warts?

Pain with weight bearing

What do genital warts look like?

hyperkeratotic or dermal flesh colored papules that vary in size from 1 mm to 10 cm

What are the two ways that drugs kill warts?

Stimulate immune system or destroy

What should be done if mom is having an active outbreak of HSV prior to delivery?

C-section

What is the rash like with shingles?

erythematous macules and papules which progress to vesicles within 12-24 hours, and then pustules

true or false: the pain usually precedes the rash with shingles

True

What is the rash that is had with kaposi's sarcoma?

Erythematous macules or papules that develop into violaceous plaques and nodules

Erythematous macules or papules that develop into violaceous plaques and nodules = ?

Kaposi's sarcoma

What is erythrasma? What does it look like?

Chronic bacterial infection caused by corynebacterium, that tends to affect the toes, groin, and axilla Presents as a red spot/patch that is sharply demarcated

What are the symptoms of erythrasma?

Pruritic

What is the treatment for erythrasma? (2)

Wash with benzoyl peroxide, followed by topical erythromycin

What will a Wood's lamp show with erythrasma?

Coral Red fluorescence