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Ch. 07 Vascular Pathology > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

Basic treatment for all vasculitities

A

steroids

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2
Q

Types of large vessel vasculitides

A

temporal (giant cell)

Takayasu

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3
Q

Types of medium vessel vasculitis

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

Kawasaki

Burger

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4
Q

Small vessel vasculitides

A

Wegner granulomatosis

microscopic polyangiitis

Chruge-Strauss

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

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5
Q

Temporal (giant cell) arteritis

biopsy findings

A

granulomatous: inflammed vessel wall, giant cells, intimal fibrosis

segmental lesions (need long biopsy)

negative Bx does not exclude disease

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6
Q

Presentation of temporal arteritis

A

headache, visual disturbances (opthalmic artery involvement), jaw claudication

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7
Q

Tx of temporal arteritis

A

steroids

(Tx if suspected at all! not treating can lead to blindness)

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8
Q

Takaysu arteritis

which arteries does it normally affect?

A

aortic arch and branches

classically a young Asian female

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9
Q

Physical exam findings of Takayasu arteritis

A

neurologic symptoms

weak or absent upper extremity pulses

(subclavian branches are blocked off)

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10
Q

Polyarteritis Nodosa

type of vasculitis

A

medium vessel

necrotizing vasculitis

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11
Q

Organ involvement of polyarteritis nodosa

A

anything but the lungs

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12
Q

Presentation of polyarteritis nodosa

A

HTN (renal artery involvement)

abdominal pain with melena–dark stool (mesentaric artery involvement)

neurologic distrubances

skin lesions

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13
Q

What can you find in the serum when you have polyarteritis nodosa?

A

hepatitis B surface antigen

(HBsAg)

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14
Q

Bx results of polyarteritis nodosa

A

“string of pearls”

fibrinoid necrosis (weaking of wall causes aneurysms)

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15
Q

Tx of polyarteritis nodosa

A

cyclophosphamide

corticosteroids

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16
Q

Kawasaki disease

presentation

A

Asian children < 4 y/o

non-specific Sx: rash on palms and soles, fever, conjuctivitis, enlarged cervical lymph nodes

17
Q

Biggest complication of Kawasaki disease

A

coronary artery involvement

thrombosis or aneurysm with rupture

18
Q

Tx of Kawasaki disease

A

aspirin

IVIG

19
Q

Buerger Disease

A

associated with heavy smoking

autoamputation of digits

20
Q

Wegner’s granulomatosis

associated serum marker

A

c-ANCA

cytoplasmic-anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody

21
Q

Microscopic polyangiitis

associated serium marker

A

p-ANCA

perinuclear-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody

22
Q

Churg-Strauss Syndrome

associated serum marker

A

p-ANCA

23
Q

Wegner granulomatosis

affected organs

A

nasopharynx (chronic sinusitis, ulcerations)

lungs (classic: bilateral nodules)

kidneys (renal failure)

24
Q

Wegner granulomatosis

Bx results

A

necrotizing granulomas w/ adjacent necrotizing vasculitis

25
Q

Tx of Wegner’s

A

corticosteroids

cyclophosphamide

26
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis

affected organs

A

lungs and kidneys

27
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis

Tx

A

corticosteroids

cyclophosphamide

28
Q

Differences between Wegner and microscopic polyangiitis

A

Wegers: nasopharynx, lungs, kidneys

microscopic polyangiitis: lungs, kidneys

Wegners: cANCA

microscopic polyangiitis: pANCA

29
Q

Chrug-Strauss

affected organs

A

lungs and heart

30
Q

Churg-Strauss

associated symptoms

A

eosinophilia

asthma

31
Q

Chrug-Strauss

Bx

A

necrotizing granulomatous inflammation w/ eosinophils

32
Q

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

defining pathology

A

vasculitis due to IgA immune complex deposition

type III hypersensitivity

33
Q

Skin lesions in Henoch-Schönlein

A

Henoch-Schönlein purpura!

palpable purpura

raised lesions, usually found on buttocks and legs

34
Q

What organs does Henoch-Schönlein Purpura normally affect

A

skin (palpable purpura)

kidneys (IgA nephropathy)

GI

35
Q

Tx of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

A

resolves on own usually

steroids if refractory or recurrent

36
Q

Most common vasculitis in children

A

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

37
Q

Which vasculitis is associated with

p-ANCA

A

microscopic polyangiitis

Churg-Straus

38
Q

How to differentiate between

microscopic polyangiitis

and

Churg-Strauss

A

both have p-ANCA

microscopic polyangiitis affects lungs and kidneys

Churg-Strauss affects heart and lungs

Churg-Strauss is has necrotizine granulomatous lesions

39
Q

How to differentiate between

Wegner granulomatosis

vs

microscopic polyangiitis

A

Weger: cANCA

Microscopic polyangiitis: pANCA

Wegner: granulomatous lesions of nasopharynx, lung, kidney

Microscopic polyangiitis: nongranulomatous lesions of lung and kidney

Ch. 07 Vascular Pathology (5 decks)

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