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**Anatomy > Vasculature Of Head And Neck > Flashcards

Vasculature Of Head And Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 regions of the internal carotid artery in ascending order

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Petrous
  3. Cavernous
  4. Cerebral
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2
Q

Name 3 important blood supplies that come from Internal carotid

A
  1. Cerebral blood supply
  2. Ophthalmic artery
  3. Artery of pterygoid canal
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3
Q

What parts of the orbit are supplied with blood via the ophthalmic artery?

A
  1. Retina
  2. Extraocular muscles
  3. lacrimal Gland

In short, all of them

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4
Q

Does the Opthalmic artery supply blood to the Ethmoid bone and nasal cavity?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What are the superficial areas to which the ophthalmic artery supplies blood?

A
  1. Dorsal Nasal
  2. Frontal (Supratrochlear)
  3. Supraorbital
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6
Q

Name the branches of the Superior Thyroid artery

A
  1. Superior Laryngeal
  2. Cricothyroid
  3. Hyoid
  4. SCM
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7
Q

Does the Superior thyroid form any anastamoses?

A

Of course

Contralateral one with S. Thyroid and Inf. Thyroid

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8
Q

T/F the Superior thyroid starts in the carotid triangle

A

True

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9
Q

What is supplied with blood via the superior thyroid artery?

A
  1. Anterior Strap Muscles and Larynx
    1. Superior Laryngeal: Larynx
    2. Cricothyroid: Larynx
    3. Hyoid: Strap muscles adjacent to hyoid bone
    4. SCM: The SCM
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10
Q

Name the branches of the Ascending Pharyngeal Artery

A
  1. Pharyngeal
  2. Meningeal
  3. Tympanic

**These branches are not well defined so the names are not formal but useful to remember target tissues

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11
Q

Describe the location of Ascending pharyngeal coming from the external carotid

A

Ascends deep to stylopharyngeus, anterior to the ear

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12
Q

Name what is supplied with blood via Ascending pharyngeal

A
  1. Pharyngeal Constrictors
  2. Stylopharyngeus
  3. Soft Palate
  4. Auditory Tube
  5. Palatine Tonsil
  6. All soft palate muscles except Levator Veli Palatini
  7. Meninges
  8. Middle ear
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13
Q

Name the branches of the lingual artery and where they supply blood

A
  1. Dorsal lingual: Posterior tongue and tonsils
  2. Deep lingual: Anterior tongue
  3. Sublingual: Sublingual glands
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14
Q

In general what are the major features that get blood from the lingual artery?

A
  1. Tongue
  2. Palatine tonsil
  3. Sublingual Glands
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15
Q

T/F the Deep and Sublingual branches can form an anastamoses with contralateral arteries

A

FALSE:

They cannot because they are separated by the lingual septum.

The Dorsal branch CAN do this because the septum does not extend all the way back that far

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16
Q

Name the branches of the facial artery

A
  1. Tonsillar
  2. Superior Labial
  3. Inferior Labial
  4. Lateral nasal
  5. Angular
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17
Q

What are the areas to which the facial artery supplies blood?

A
  1. Facial regions

2. Skin and muscles of facial expression

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18
Q

To where does the Tonsiallar branch of facial artery supply blood

A

Palatine tonsils

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19
Q

Where does the labial branch of facial artery supply blood ?

A

External surface of lips

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20
Q

Where does lateral nasal branch supply blood?

A

Dorsal and lateral surface of the nose

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21
Q

Where does angular branch supply blood?

A

Dorsal nasal branch to superior ophthalmic

-External medial orbit

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22
Q

Describe the location of the facial artery

A

Runs deep to digastric sling and submandibular gland, and emerges over body of mandible

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23
Q

T/F the Superficial course of the facial artery can allow manual reduction in flow at mandible

A

True

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24
Q

How could an infection from the face potentially spread to the brain via the facial artery?

A

It forms an anastamoses with the ophthalmic artery via angular branch. Ophthalmic is a branch of internal carotid

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25
Q

Name the branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery

A
  1. Transverse Facial
  2. Frontal
  3. Parietal
  4. Zygomatic/Orbital
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26
Q

To what general areas does the Superficial Temporal artery supply blood?

A
  1. Lateral and dorsal scalp
  2. Facial muscles
  3. Parotid gland
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27
Q

Where does the transverse facial branch take blood

A
  1. Parotid gland
  2. Facial muscles
  3. Masseter
  4. Temporalis
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28
Q

Where does the zygomatic branch take blood?

A
  1. Skin

2. Muscles towards orbits

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29
Q

Where does the Frontal branch take blood?

A
  1. Skin and muscles over frontal bone

2. Can anastamose with supraorbital arteries

30
Q

Where does the parietal branch take blood?

A
  1. Skin

2. Superior auricular muscle

31
Q

What two arteries supply the muscles of facial expression?

A
  1. Facial

2. STA

32
Q

Describe the location of the STA

A

Ascends within parotid gland, anterior to ear

33
Q

Where can you feel the pulse via the STA

A

Superior to zygomatic arch, anterior to ear

34
Q

Name the branches of the occipital artery

A
  1. SCM
  2. Auricular
  3. Meningeal
  4. Descending
35
Q

Where does the occipital artery supply blood?

A
  1. Posterior Scalp

2. Muscles along the course to posterior scalp

36
Q

Where doe the SCM branch of the occipital artery supply blood?

A

To the SCM

37
Q

Where doe the auricular branch of the occipital artery supply blood?

A

Posterior aspect of the ear

38
Q

Where does the meningeal branch of occipital artery supply blood?

A

Posterior dura and cranial bones

39
Q

Where does the Descending branch of occipital artery supply blood?

A

Suboccipital and deep back muscles of the neck

40
Q

Name an anastamoses associated with a branch of occipital artery

A

Descending anastamoses with transverse cervical (from thyrocervical trunk) and vertebral arteries

41
Q

Name the branches of the Posterior auricular artery

A

There are No major branches

42
Q

Where does the posterior auricular artery supply blood?

A

Scalp and posterior ear

43
Q

Describe the location of the posterior auricular artery

A

Runs between external acoustic meatus and mastoid process

Ascends superior to posterior digastric

44
Q

Name the 3 regions of the Maxillary artery

A
  1. Mandibular
  2. Pterygoid
  3. Pterygopalatine
45
Q

Name the sub parts of the Mandibular portion of the Maxillary artery

A
  1. Inferior alveolar artery
  2. Middle meningeal artery
  3. Deep auricular artery
  4. Anterior Tympanic artery
46
Q

To where does the inferior alveolar artery supply blood?

A
  1. Mandible
  2. Teeth
  3. Gingiva

*The mental branch is its terminal branch

47
Q

To where does the Middle Meningeal supply blood

A
  1. Calvaria
  2. Dura
  3. Anterior and middle cranial forsake
48
Q

To where does the Deep auricular from mandibular portion supply blood?

A
  1. Temporomandibular joint

2. External auditory canal

49
Q

Where does the Anterior tympanic artery supply blood?

A
  1. Tympanic Cavity
50
Q

What are the sub parts of the Pterygoid part of maxillary artery?

A
  1. Masseteric Artery
  2. Deep Temporal Branches
  3. Pterygoid branches
  4. Buccal artery
51
Q

Where does masseteric artery deliver blood?

A

Masseter

52
Q

Where do the deep temporal branches deliver blood?

A

Temporalis

53
Q

Where do the pterygoid branches deliver blood?

A

Pterygoid muscles

54
Q

Where does the buccal artery deliver blood?

A

Buccal mucosa

55
Q

Name the subdivisions of the pterygopalatine part of maxillary artery

A
  1. Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery
  2. Infraorbital artery
  3. Descending Palatine Artery
  4. Shpenopalatine
56
Q

Name the two parts to the Descending palatine artery and where they respectively deliver blood

A
  1. Greater palatine artery: Hard Palate

2. Lesser Palatine artery: Soft Palate, Palatine tonsil, pharyngeal wall

57
Q

Name the two parts to the Sphenopalatine artery and where they deliver blood

A
  1. Lateral Posterior nasal arteries:
    - Lateral wall of nasal cavity, conchae
  2. Posterior Septal branches: nasal septum
58
Q

Where does infraorbital artery supply blood?

A

Maxillary alveoli

59
Q

Where does Posterior superior alveolar artery supply blood?

A
  1. Maxillary molars
  2. Maxillary sinus
  3. Gingiva
60
Q

Name the much simpler and more general ways to remember where each region of the maxillary artery supplies blood

A
  1. Mandibular Part: Ear and Mandible
  2. Pterygoid part: Muscles of Mastication
  3. Pterygopalatine part: Maxilla, Palate, Nasal
61
Q

What runs inferiority for the Mandibular portion of maxillary artery?

A
  1. Mylohyoid branch

2. Inferior alveolar (Mental)

62
Q

Where does the mental branch of inferior alveolar artery supply blood?

A
  1. Chin and lower lip

2. Anastamoses with submental and inferior labial arteries

63
Q

What runs superiorly from the mandibular portion?

A
  1. Deep Auricular
  2. Ant. Tympanic
  3. Middle Meningeal
64
Q

Which branches of the Pterygoid Portion will run superior vs. inferior?

A

I do not know. Check with somebody.

Inferior will most likely be:
Masseteric
Buccal

Superior will most likely be:
Deep temporal
Pterygoid

65
Q

T/F The Anterior Portion of the Superior Alveolar artery branches off the intraorbital artery in the pterygopalatine portion

A

TRUE It branches prior to exiting the infraorbital foramen, looks like it is just deep to where the zyomatic bone is

66
Q

T/F The middle and posterior portions of the superior alveolar artery branch from the pterygopalatine portion

A

TRUE

At least from what he has on his slides it looks like it

67
Q

The Nasal Wall and septum receive blood two ways. What are they?

A
  1. ICA-Ophthalmic-Ant. And Post. Ethmoidal aa.

2. ECA-Maxillary-Sphenopalatine-Post. Septal and Nasal aa.

68
Q

What is Kiesselbach’s area?

A

-Anastamoses of 4 arteries in the anterior part of the nose

4 arteries:

  1. Ethmoidal (from ophthalmic)
  2. Septal (from Maxillary)
  3. Greater Palatine (From Maxillary)
  4. Superior Labial (From facial)
69
Q

According to his slides (Not the image from the book), what are the two portions of the Sphenopalatine region?

A
  1. Posterior Nasal

2. Posterior Septal

70
Q

List all the arteries that contribute blood supply to the palatine tonsils

A
  1. Ascending Pharyngeal
  2. Dorsal branch of lingual
  3. Tonsillar Branch of facial
  4. Lesser Palatine Branch from Descending Palatine from Pterygopalatine from Maxillary
71
Q

List all the arteries that contribute blood supply to the masseter and temporalis

A
  1. Transverse facial branch of STA
  2. Masseteric Branch of Pterygoid branch of Maxillary
  3. Deep temporal branch of Pterygoid branch of Maxillary
72
Q

List all the arteries that in one way or another contribute blood flow to the the ear.

A
  1. Ascending Pharyngeal (auditory tube)
  2. Auricular branch of occipital ( Posterior aspect of the ear)
  3. Posterior auricular artery (posterior ear)
  4. Anterior Tympanic of Mandibular part of Maxillary (Tympanic/Middle ear cavity)

**Anatomy (7 decks)

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