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**Anatomy > Oral And Pharyngeal Musculature > Flashcards

Oral And Pharyngeal Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 6 basic landmark structures of the oral cavity

A
  1. Hard Palate
  2. Soft Palate
    - Uvula
  3. Palatoglossal arch
  4. Palatine Tonsil
  5. Palatopharyngeal Arch
  6. Frenulum
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2
Q

Name the muscles of the oral region

A
  1. Orbicularis Oris
  2. Mylohyoid
  3. Geniohyoid
  4. Stylohyoid
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3
Q

Name the extrinsic tongue muscles

A
  1. Hyloglossus
  2. Styloglossus
  3. Palatoglossus
  4. Genioglossus
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4
Q

Name the intrinsic tongue muscles

A
  1. Superior longitudinal
  2. Vertical
  3. Transverse
  4. Inferior Longitudinal
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5
Q

Name the innervation, attachments, and function of the Orbicularis oris muscle

A

Innervation: CN VII
Attachments: Maxilla and inserts directly into lips
Function: controls movements of the mouth and lips

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6
Q

Name the innervation, attachments, and function of the Mylohyoid

A

Innervation: Trigeminal V3
Attachments: Mylohyoid line of Mandible and body of Hyoid bone

Function: Depresses the mandible, raises the floor of the mouth during swallowing, and elevates the hyoid bone

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7
Q

Name the innervation, attachments, and function of the geniohyoid muscle

A

Innervation: CN XII
Attachments: Lesser horn hyoid bone and genial spines

Function: Carry hyoid bone and tongue upward during deglutition

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8
Q

Name the innervation, attachments, and function of the Stylohyoid muscle

A

Innervation: CN VII

Attachments: Styloid process and Body of hyoid next to lesser horn of hyoid

Function: Elevate the hyoid during swallowing

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9
Q

Name the innervation, Attachments, and function of the Hyoglossus Muscle

A

Innervation: CNXII

Attachments: Hyoid bone (greater horn and anterior body) and Lateral tongue between styloglossus and inferior longitudinal

Function: Depresses the tongue

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10
Q

Name the innervation, function, and attachments of the Styloglossus Muscle

A

Innervation: CNXII

Attachments: Styloid Process of temporal bone and tongue (Longitudinal part with inferior Longitudinal and oblique part with hyoglossus)

Function: Elevates and retracts the tongue

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11
Q

Name the innervation, attachments, and function of the Platoglossus Muscle

A

Innervation: CN X

Attachments: Palatine aponeurosis and lateral tongue

Function: Elevates the root of the tongue, Closes thee oropharyngeal isthmus by contracting the palatoglossal arch

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12
Q

Name the innervation, attachments, and function of the Genioglossus Muscle

A

Innervation: CN XII

Attachments: Mandible (superior genial spine via intermediate tendon
Insertion: Inferior fibers: body of hyoid bone
Intermediate fibers: Posterior tongue
Superior Fibers: Ventral surface of the tongue

Function: Protrustion of the tongue
Bilateral: makes the dorsum concave
Unilateral: deviation to opposite side

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13
Q

Name innervation, attachments and function for the Intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Innervation : CN XII

Attachments: originates and inserts within the tongue

Function: alter shape of tongue by lengthening or shortening the tongue

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14
Q

Which muscle shortens the tongue and makes the dorsum concave?

A

Superior longitudinal muscle

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15
Q

Which muscle shortens the tongue and makes the dorsum convex?

A

Inferior longitudinal Muscle

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16
Q

Which muscle narrows or elongates the tongue (side to side)?

A

Transverse muscle

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17
Q

Which muscle widens and flattens the tongue (up and down)?

A

Vertical muscle

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18
Q

Where do the Nasopalatine, Greater Palatine, and lesser palatine nerves come from?

A

CN V2

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19
Q

What are the 5 muscles that act on the palate?

A
  1. Tensor Veli Palatini
  2. Levator Veli Palatini
  3. Uvular Muscle
  4. Palatoglossus Muscle
  5. Palatopharyngeus muscle
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20
Q

What innervates the Tensor Veli Palatini and what does it do?

A

Innervation: CN V3

Action: Tenses the soft Palate

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21
Q

What innervates the Levator Veli Palatini and what does it do?

A

Innervation: CN X

Function: Elevates the soft palate

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22
Q

T/F Both the Tensor Veli Paltini and the levator Veli Palatini help to separate the nasal and oral regions.

A

True

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23
Q

T/F the uvular muscle also separates the nasal region from the oral

A

True

24
Q

What does the palatopharyngeus muscle do?

A

Elevates pharynx and larynx

25
Q

What does the Palatoglossus muscle do?

A

Pulls tongue superiorly

26
Q

Name the 3 regions of the Pharynx

A
  1. NasoPharynx
  2. Oral pharynx
  3. Laryngopharynx
27
Q

Name the 3 Pharyngeoconstrictor muscles

A
  1. Superior Pharyngeal
  2. Middle Pharyngeal
  3. Inferior Pharyngeal
28
Q

Name the muscles that elevate the pharynx

A
  1. Salpingopharyngeus
  2. Palatopharyngeus
  3. Stylopharyngeus
29
Q

Name the attachments for the stylopharyngeus

A

Styloid process to inner surface of the pharynx

30
Q

T/F Vagus nerve provides motor innervation for all the muscle of the pharynx both elevators and constrictors

A

FALSE: it does not innervate the Stylopharyngeus

31
Q

What innervates the Stylopharyngeus?

A

CN IX

32
Q

Divide up the sensory innervation for the 3 regions of the pharynx

A
  1. Nasopharynx: V2
  2. Oropharynx: IX
  3. Laryngopharynx: X
33
Q

Name the arteries through which the pharynx receives blood supply

A
  1. Ascending Pharyngeal
  2. Superior Thyroid
  3. Inferior Thyroid
  4. Some branches of facial artery and maxillary artery
34
Q

How doe the larynx prevent material from entering the airway?

A

-Epiglottis lays over the vocal folds

35
Q

What contributions does the larynx make to phonation?

A

-Tensing, abducting, addicting vocal folds causes air to vibrate during exhalation

36
Q

What contributions the the larynx make to breathing?

A

-Abduction of vocal chords, glottis open, airway open

37
Q

Explain the cough reflex

A

-Temporary closure of vocal folds to build up air pressure

38
Q

name the 4 cartilaginous elements of the Larynx

A
  1. Thyroid cartilage
  2. Cricoid Cartilage
  3. Epiglottis
  4. Arytenoid carilage
39
Q

T/F Cricoid Cartilage is a full ring of cartilage

A

True

40
Q

Name the 3 ligaments pertaining the larynx

A
  1. Thyrohyoid ligament
  2. Cricothyroid ligament
  3. Vocal ligaments
41
Q

What nerve provides innervation for the larynx

A

Vagus

42
Q

Name the two branches of the vagus nerve that serve the larynx

A
  1. Superior laryngeal

2. Recurrent Laryngeal

43
Q

Name the two branches of the superior laryngeal

A
  1. External

2. Internal

44
Q

What does the external laryngeal branch do?

A

Motor innervation to cricothyroideus muscle

45
Q

What does the internal laryngeal do?

A

Sensory innervation above the vocal chords

46
Q

What does the Recurrent laryngeal nerve do?

A

Motor: Laryngeal Muscles

Sensory: below vocal chords

47
Q

Name the Laryngeal joints

A
  1. Cricoarytenoid joint

2. Cricothyroid joint

48
Q

Describe the Cricoarytenoid Joint

A
  • Synovial Joint between Cartilages

- Abduct and adductor vocal ligaments

49
Q

What muscles serve to adduct vocal ligaments?

A

Lateral Cricoarytenoid muscles

50
Q

What muscles serve to abduct the vocal ligaments?

A

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscles

51
Q

Describe the Cricothyroid joint

A

-Synovial joint between cartilages

CRICOTHYROIDEUS MUSCLE

  • Pulls thyroid cartilage anteriorly increasing tension in vocal ligament
  • Innervated by Superior laryngeal nerve
52
Q

T/F Laryngeal muscles act bilaterally

A

True

53
Q

What innervates all the laryngeal muscles except for cricothyroideus?

A

Recurrent laryngeal

54
Q

CN XII innervates all tongue muscles except:

A

Palatoglossus (CN X)

55
Q

Palate muscles are all innervated by CN X except:

A

Tensor Veli Palatini (V3)

56
Q

Pharyngeal muscles are all innervated by CNX except:

A

Stylopharyngeus (CN IX)

**Anatomy (7 decks)

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