Vasculature Flashcards
What does the arch of the aorta split in to?
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
What does the brachiocephalic trunk split in to?
- right common carotid artery
- right subclavian artery
What muscle lays over the right subclavian artery?
Scalenus anterior
What are the 3 branches of the subclavian artery?
- vertebral artery
- thyrocervical trunk
- internal thoracic artery
What branches off the thyrocervical trunk?
inferior thyroid artery
What branch of the subclavian artery descends?
internal thoracic artery
What supplies the superior part of the thyroid gland?
Super thyroid artery
What supplies the inferior part of the thyroid gland?
Inferior thyroid artery
What is the anatomical name of the “Adam’s Apple”?
laryngeal prominence of the thyroid cartilage
What differentiates the internal and external carotid artery?
internal inside carotid sheath and external outside
What 2 arteries supply the brain?
- vertebral artery
- internal carotid artery
Where does the vertebral artery enter the brain and what part does it supply?
foramen magnum
posterior part
Where does the internal carotid artery enter the brain and what part does it supply?
carotid canal
middle and anterior
What is the circle of Willis?
blood supply at the base of the brain - an arterial anastomosis - VA and ICA connect
Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
superior border of thyroid cartilage/ hyoid bone
What is lies in the bifurcation?
Carotid body
What is the function of the carotid body?
peripheral chemoreceptor - monitors chemical composition within arterial blood
What cranial nerve supplies the carotid body?
CN IX - glossopharyngeal
What are the 8 branches of the external carotid artery?
S uperior thyroid
A scending pharyngeal
L ingual
F acial
O cciptial
P osterior auricular
M axillary
S uperficial temporal
What do the 8 branches of the external carotid artery supply?
Superior thyroid -thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal - pharynx
Lingual - tongue
Facial - majority of facial soft tissues
Occipital - soft tissues in occipital region of scalp
Posterior auricular - behind ear
Maxillary - infratemporal fossa
Superficial temporal - lateral aspect of scalp
What artery supplies the lower dentition?
Inferior alveolar artery
What is the IAA a branch of?
Maxillary artery
How can bacteria from a dental abscess gain access to the heart?
Inferior alveolar vein
What vein drains blood from the temporal region of the brain?
Superficial temporal vein
What veins join together to drain deeper structures within the infratemporal fossa?
Superior temporal vein and maxillary vein
What do the superior temporal vein and maxillary vein join together to become?
Retromandibular vein
How does retromandibular vein branch?
posteriorly and anteriorly
What joins together to create the external jugular vein?
posterior div. of retroman vein + posterior auricular vein
What does the external jugular vein drain into?
Subclavian vein
What joins together to form the common facial vein?
anterior div. of retroman. vein + facial vein
What does the common facial vein drain into?
Internal jugular vein
What is a network of veins called?
Cavernous sinus
How do superficial veins of the face communicate?
Ophthalmic vein
What is the danger triangle?
The area of soft tissues that drain blood via facial vein. These can then drain via ophthalmic veins to Dural venous sinuses within cranial cavity>
What can happen if danger triangle is cut?
Bacteria enter facial vein which can infect sinuses and lead to cavernous sinus thrombosis
What does does the internal jugular vein and subclavian vein drain in to?
brachiocephalic vein
What does the right brachiocephalic vein drain in to?
Superior vena cava
What transports lymph into venous system through the venous angle?
thoracic duct
What is infection of the cardiac valves called?
Endocarditis
What is the name of bacteria in the bloodstream?
Bacteraemia
What are the clinical signs of a damaged heart valve?
Heart murmur
