Vascular Surgery Flashcards
T/F: patients with PAD do not die from vascular disease, but other pre-existing conditions.
True.
The MOST common cause of vascular disease is:
Coronary artery disease
T/F: intermittent claudication is a life threatening problem.
False.
T/F: Only 5% of patients with intermittent claudication will go on to develop critical ischemia.
True.
A patient has been diagnosed with PAD. Treatment of the conditions should involve:
Smoking cessation and control of diabetes or HTN.
Exercise therapy as tolerated.
Appropriate surveillance of the disease.
Medications used to treat symptoms of PAD include:
Cilostazol or Pentoxyflyine.
Intervention (either endovascular or open vascular surgery) are treatments for PAD that are used for:
patients with limb threatening ischemia and those with severe, compromising claudication.
The recommended test for work-up of a patient with vascular symptoms is:
(1) ABI
(2) Stress ABI
(3) Duplex US
(4) CTA/MRA
(5) Angiogram
(1) ABI
The de facto “cutoff” ABI for claudication and rest pain is:
0.4
The de facto “cutoff” for rest pain and tissue loss is:
0.2
A patient presents with vascular disease and you do an ABI. The patient has an ABI of 1.7. This may be due to:
diabetes
Renal failure
Occlusive, calcified arteries.
A normal toe-brachial index value is:
> 0.7
A toe-brachial index consistent with rest pain is:
< 0.2
A patient presents with vascular disease. The patient has an ABI of 1.8 and a history of diabetes and atherosclerosis. You decide to do a toe-brachial index to get more accurate results. The toe-brachial index value that is consistent with rest pain is:
< 0.2.
The major disadvantage of PVR is that it is:
detection of collateral vessels is low.
Which of the following regarding duplex US is TRUE?
(1) It evaluates anatomy
(2) It cannot evaluate the percentage of stenosis.
(3) A duplex cannot determine whether the severity of occlusive warrants surgical intervention.
(1) Duplex US can evaluate anatomy.
T/F: Duplex is useful for patients with bypass surgery since there is narrowing of the entrance and exit.
True.
The gold standard for diagnosis of PAD is:
(1) conventional angiogram
(2) MRA
(3) CTA
(1) The gold standard for diagnosis of PAD is conventional angiogram.
The imaging study that can overestimate stenosis:
(1) conventional angiogram
(2) MRA
(3) CTA
(2) MRA can overestimate stneosis.
CTA is a diagnostic study that is used for:
rule out neoplasm, AVM or aneurysms.
Which of the following regarding vascular workup is TRUE?
(1) Invasive vascular lab is the first line evaluation in non-acute patients.
(2) They are a sufficient study to plan intervention.
(3) Segmental limb pressures often are combined with doppler waveform analysis.
(3) Segmental limb pressures often are combined with doppler.
Surgical management of vascular disease is indicated for:
(1) Unacceptable lifestyle limitations (failure of medical management)
(2) No pain on rest.
(3) Healing wounds
(4) absence of gangrene.
(1) Unacceptable lifestyle limitations (failure of medical management).
The BEST treatment option of chronic lower extremity PAD is:
(1) Risk factor modification
(2) Exercise
(3) Pharmacotherapy
(4) Revascularization
(5) amputation
(1) Risk factor modification
A patient with a diagnosis of PAD MOST likely:
(1) Only has localized atherosclerosis.
(2) Chronic PAD usually does not need risk factor intervention.
(3) Claudication is a lifestyle-limiting problem.
(3) Claudication is a lifestyle-limiting problem.
A patient presents with severe decrements in limb perfusion. However, they do not present with clinical symptoms of CLI. Surgical treatment for this patient is:
contraindicated.
Which of the following patients is indicated for primary amputation?
(1) No necrosis of the weight-bearing portions of the foot.
(2) Incorrectible flexion contracture.
(3) Pain on exertion (but no pain on rest) that is non-refractory.
(4) Long life expectancy.
(2) Incorrectible flexion contracture.