Inflammation Part 2 Flashcards
Interferons: innate response to
Interferons: innate response to VIRAL INFECTIONS.
INF-gamma is
(1) pro-inflammatory
(2) anti-inflammatory
INF-gamma is (2) PRO-inflammatory
The function of interferons
differentiation of TH cells into TH-1 cells and secretion of inflammatory cytokines
TNF factor (Cachectin) functions to:
It is also an initiator of APOPTOSIS and is inflammatory.
Which of the following is a function of TNF?
(1) Inhibits endothelial cell modulin and protein C.
(2) does not interact with the coagulation cascade.
(3) is contraindicated in sepsis.
TNF (1) inhibits endothelial cell thrombomodulin and protein C.
T/F: steroids increase the release of TNF.
False.
Infliximab is also a medication used to treat Chron’s and rheumatoid arthritis. IT does so by inhibiting:
TNF
a pluripotent cytokine on chromosome 2 that is produced by monocytes, macrophages, NK cells, B & T cells, keratinocytes, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, endothelial cells and enterocytes.
IL-1
IL-1 is stimulated by
NF, GM-CSF and IL-1 (autocrine manner).
Chronic inflammation (Chron’s disease) is associated with increased secretion of
IL-1
has a SHORT HALF LIFE (< 10 MINUTES) and is pro-inflammatory (promotes T lymphocyte proliferation).
*It promotes gut barrier integrity.
IL-2
IL-2 production is impaired when
production impaired: after injury, cancer, AIDS and perioperative transfusions.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY and initiates B cells AND the humoral response (IgE, IgE).
IL-4
BOTH pro and anti-inflammatory. They are present in patients with burns, major surgery, SEPSIS and septic shock. Its levels are proportional to the degree of tissue injury.
IL-6
IL-6 is stimulated by
TNF and IL-1, as well as acute injury and infection, and can be present for 10 days.
IL-6 initiates production of:
CRP, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and complement. T and B cell maturation when there is fever, and the Hypothalamus-pituitary axis
upregulates the production of ADHESION MOLECULES and the production of reactive oxygen species.
IL-8
IL-8 has roles in:
It has a role in organ system damage, SEPSIS, ischemia, perfusion injury and ARDS.