Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

<3 > Vascular Histology > Flashcards

Vascular Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 tunics are arteries and veins composed of?

From inner to outer

A
  1. Tunica intima
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica adventitia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the sub layers of the Tunica intima?

A
  1. Endothelium
  2. Basal lamina of endothelial cells
  3. Subendothelium layer w/ internal elastic membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is the endothelium of the Tunica intima?

A

Single layer of squamous epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is contained in the Basal lamina of the Tunica Intima ?

A

Thin EC layer w/ collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the subendothelial layer of the Tunica Intima made up of?

It’s internal elastic membrane?

A

Loose CT

IEM: sheet like layer of fenestrated elastic material 2/ artieres and Arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is seen in the TUnica media?

Difference in veins?

A

‣ Circumferentially arranged layers of SM. M.
‣ Relatively thick in arteries

-has external elastic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the external elastic membrane of the Tunica Media?

A

Layer of elastin that separates the tunica media and adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is the Tunica adventitia composed?

How is it different in As. vs. Veins?

A

‣ Longitudinally arranged collagenous tissue w/ few elastic fibers

‣ Will merge w/ loos CT surrounding vessels

‣ Ranges from relatively thin (arterial system) to quite thick (venules/veins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What two things can we see in the tunic adventitia?

A
  1. Vaso vasorum

2. Nervi vasorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the vaso vasorum?

A

• Vessels of the tunica adventitia that supply blood to the vascular tunics themselves
◦ Found in large arteries and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the Nervi vasorum?

A

ANS input that controls contraction of vasc. Sm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the characteristics of LARGE (elastic) As.?

A

◦ Largest vessles of the arterial system
◦ Elastin forms concentric sheets/lamellar b/w muscle cell layers

◦ NO fibroblasts!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the characteristics of MEDIUM (muscular) arteries?

A

◦ More SM - less elastin
◦ Prominent internal elastic membrane - big black ring around center

◦ Recognizable external elastic membrane
◦ Thick tunica adventitia - ~same thickness as tunica media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the characteristics of Small arteries and Arterioles?

A

Different # of Sm. M. Layers in tunica media

	◦ Small arteries 
		‣ 8 layers of Sm M. 
		‣ Will also have internal elastic membrane
	◦ arterioles
		‣ 1-2 layers of Sm. M.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What 2 cells are present in capillaries?

A
  1. Pericytes

2. Endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are pericytes?

What are they controlled by?

What do they promote?

A

perivascular contractile cells w/ branching cytoplasmic processes

  • Enclosed w/ basal lamina continuous w/ that of the endothelium
  • Controlled by NO (endothelial cells)
  • Promote stability of capillaries and postcapillary venules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How are endothelial cells connected in capillaries?

Function?

A

Via cell-cell junction (# of junctions will alter permeability)

Support the Bm and produce collagen
Involved in blood coagulation & thrombosis, local vasodilation/constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 2 subclassifications of venules?

A
  1. Postcapillary

2. Muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Histologically, what are the characteristics of venules?

A
  1. Postcapillary - no true tunica media

2. Muscular- 1-2 layers of Sm. M. In tunica media w/ thin tunica adventitia

20
Q

What venule are small veins continuous w/?

A

Muscular venueles

21
Q

What are most of the named veins?

A

Medium veins

22
Q

How is the tunica media and adventitia of the medium veins different from small?

A

Thicker

23
Q

What will medium veins contain that is not seen in small?

A

VALVES

24
Q

What veins are classified as large veins?

A

Superior and inferior vena cava, hepatic portal vein

25
Q

How are the tunics of Large veins

A
  1. Tunica adventitia - thickest layer w/ collagen and elastic fibers and fibroblasts
  2. Tunica media = thin
  3. Tunica intima = thin
26
Q

How are the valves in veins, histologically?

A

Intima will have valves - semilunar flaps consisting of a thing ct core covered by endothelial cells

27
Q

Is the lumen of veins or arteries larger?

A

Veins

28
Q

What are the 3 types of capillaries?

A
  1. Continuous
  2. Fenestrated
  3. Discontinuous
29
Q

What is the most common type of capillary?

A

Continuous

30
Q

What are the characteristics of Continuous capillaries?

A
  • tight occluding junctions that seal off intercellular clefts
  • continuous basement membrane
  • cells meet end to end
31
Q

How does molecular exchange occur w/ continuous capillaries?

A

Via diffusion or trans cytosine

32
Q

Where are continuous capillaries located?

A

Thru-out body (muscle, brain, peripheral nerves, exocrine glands)

33
Q

What are the characteristics of fenestrated capillaries?

A

Have tight junctions w/ fenestrations among endothelial cells

-continuous basement membrane

34
Q

Where are fenestrated capillaries found?

A

in organs where molecular exchange w/ blood is important

• Endocrine glands & sites of fluid/metabolite absorption (gallbladder, kidney)

35
Q

What do the fenestrations of Fenestrated Capillaries allow for?

A

Allows greater exchange across the endothelium, but limited to size of macromolecules

36
Q

What are the characteristics of Discontinuous Capillaries?

A

Large fenestrations among endothelial cells

  • discontinuous basal lamina
  • sinusoidal = discontinuous
37
Q

Where are discontinuous capillaries located?

A

‣ Located where exchange of macromolecules & cells (b/w tissue and blood) must openly occur
• Bone marrow, liver, spleen

38
Q

What are the characteristics of true capillaries?

Where do they come from?

A

Lack sm. M.
-where gas exchange takes place

-come from meta-arterioles

39
Q

What is a Thoroughfare channel?

A

Distal end of metarterioles (lacks sm. M. )

Will connect to a postcapillary venule

40
Q

What are the lymphatic capillaries?

A

CLOSE ENDED tubes found among cap beds

41
Q

How are lympahtic capillaries histologically composed?

A

Composed of overlapping endothelial cells, forming 1 way valves for collecting lymph

-has incomplete basal lamina (increases permeability)

42
Q

How are the openings b/w endothelial cells held in place in Lymphatic caps?

A

Held in place via anchoring filaments

43
Q

What will lymphatic capillaries join up to form?

A

Lympahtic vessels

44
Q

What is the function of lymphatic vessels?

A

◦ Circulate lymph thru most parts of the body
◦ Serve as adjuncts to the blood vessels

◦ Collect lymph &amp; retuns it to venous supply
45
Q

What junctions are present in lymphatic vessels?

A

Continuous tight junctions - to prevent leakage

46
Q

What should lymphatic vessels never have in it?

A

Blood

47
Q

What is the flow of lymph?

A

◦ Lympahtic caps —> vessels —> nodes —> trunks —> R. Lympahtic duct —> thoracic duct —> drain into brachiocephalic VV. —> superior vena cava

<3 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions