Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

<3 > Thoracic Neurology > Flashcards

Thoracic Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the

Thoracic Esophagus?

A

Joins Laryngopharynx to stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the characteristics of the

Thoracic Esophagus?

A

Double layered, muscular tube w/ internal circular layer and external longitudinal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What makes up the Upper 2/3rds of the Thoracic Esophagus?

A

Combo of Smooth and SKeletal m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the regions of the THoracic Esophagus?

A
  1. Cervical part
  2. Thoracic part
  3. Abdominal part
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is the
Thoracic part of the Esophagus?

What will it travel thru?

A

B/w T1 and Esophageal hiatus of thoracic diaphragm

Travels thru posterior mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the potential constriction points in the Thorax re: esophagus?

A
  • cricopharyngeus m.
  • aortic arch
  • left bronchus
  • esophgeal hiatus of the thoracic diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Cricopharyngeus m. Also known as?

A

Upper esophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Esophageal Hiatus of the Thoracic diaphragm also known as?

A

Lower esophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the course of the Vagus nerve in the thorax?

A
  1. Enters thorax via Superior thoracic aperture
  2. Travels to Posterior mediastinum
  3. Enters abdomen becoming Anterior and posterior Vagal trunk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What branches does Vagus N. Give off after entering thorax thru Superior thoracic aperture?

A

Left recurrent laryngeal n.

Pulmonary branch

Inferior cardiac branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What branches does Vagus N. Give off as it travel to posterior mediastinum?

A

Esophageal branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What will the R and L vagus nerve become after entering abdomen?

A

R. Vagus N = Posterior Vagal Trunk

L. Vagus N. = Anterior Vagal trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the route of the Left Recurrent Laryngeal N.

What will it innervate?

A

Loops under aortic arch and Ligamentous arteriosus

To innervate larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How will the RIght Recurrent Laryngeal N. Travel?

A

It loops under the Subclavian A. To go back and innervate Larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Phrenic N. Derived from?

A

Cervical spinal nerve associated w/ thorax

Derived from ANTERIOR rami of C3-C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does the Phrenic N. travel?

What will it innervate?

A

Travels thru superior thoracic aperture —> space b/w mediastinal PARIETAL pleura and FIBROUS pericardium

Innervates thoracic diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What sensory info will the Phrenic N. Convey?

A

Conveys sensory info from central diaphragmatic and mediastinal pleura and pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What characterizes Intercostal Ns.?

A

11 pairs of nerves derived from ANTERIOR rami of Thoracic Spinal Ns.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where do Intercostal Ns. Travel?

A

Travel along inferior edge of the Supeiror rib in intercostal space b/w internal and innermost intercostal Ms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What will the Intercostal Ns. Innervate?

A

Skin

Subcutaneous tissue

Musculature

Costal and Diaphragmatic Parietal Pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the “Typical” intercostal Ns.?

A

3-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the branching pattern of Typical Intercostal Ns.?

A
  1. Rami communicates
  2. Collateral branches
  3. Lateral Cutaneous branches
  4. Anterior cutaneous branches
  5. Muscular branches
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the function of Rami Communicates of the Typical Intercostal Ns.?

A

Connects INtercostal N. To ipsilateral thoracic sympathetic trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the Role of the collateral Branches of Typical Intercostal Ns.?

Where do these travel?

A

Assists in innervating intercostal m.

Travels on superior edge of rib inferior to intercostal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the role of the Lateral Cutaneous branches of Typical Intercostal Ns.?

A

Split into Anterior and Posterior branches and supply skin of thoracic wall

T4-T6 will supply the Breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the role of Anteiror Cutaneous branches of the Typical Intercostal Ns.?

A

Supply anterior aspect of thoracic wall

T4-T6 will supply the Breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the role of the Muscular Branches of the Typical Intercostal Ns.?

A

Supply intercostal Ms., Subcostal M., and Transversus Thoracis M.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the “Atypical” intercostal ns.?

A

1,2, 7-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What characterizes the 1st Intercostal N.?

A

No cutaneous branches

Majority of supeiror portions joins the brachial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What characterizes the 2nd Intercostal N.?

What is the role of its lateral cutaneous branch? Aka?

A

Majority travels in costal groove as typical intercostal n. W/ small part joining w/ brachial plexus

Lateral cutaneous branch to supply skin and subcutaneous tissue of Axilla

Aka Intercostobrachial n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What characterizes 7th-11th Intercostal Ns.?

A

Begin as intercostal N. But as they travel anteriorly, they cease to exist b/w ribs and transition over abdomen to become..

thoracoabdominal N.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the two divisions of the Autonomic system?

A

SNS

PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Where do we see PNS distribution?

A

Head, neck, and trunk viscera

Never in body wall or extremities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Where do we see SNS distribution?

A

Distributed to all vascular areas of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

How is glandular secretion controlled?

A

Stimulated via PNS (except sweat)

Decreased secretion via SNS (using vasoconstriction)

36
Q

What levels do we see sympathetic division?

A

Thoracolumbar T1-L2

37
Q

How are the pre and post synaptic fibers in the SYMPATHETIC division?

Where are the cell bodies in each?

A 
Pre = short, cell bodies in lateral horn 
Post = long, cell bodies in paravertebral or prevertebral ganglia
38
Q

How do presynaptic fibers of the SYMPATHETIC fibers travel?

A

Lateral horn —> anterior root —> anterior ramus —> Paravertebral ganglia

39
Q

What are the Synaptic Options for Presynaptic fibers in the SYMPATHETIC division (3)?

A
  1. Paravertebral ganglion —> postsynaptic neuron in SAME spinal level
  2. Paravertebral ganglion —> Post-syn. Neuron on DIFFERENT Spinal level
  3. Paravertebral ganglion —> exit w/o synapsing —> ABDOMINOPELVIC Splanchnic n. —> post sym. Neuron in PRE-vertebral ganglion
40
Q

What characterizes the Paravertebral Ganglion?

A

Where cell bodies of post synaptic fibers in the Sympathetic div. are

  • linked vertically to form sympathetic trunks on either side of the vertebral column
  • also 3 ganglia in Cervical, Lumbar, and Pelvic Regions
41
Q

What characterizes the PRE-vertebral ganglia?

A

Where cell bodies of Post syn. Fibers of the SYMP. Division end up

Ganglia and corresponding plexuses surround main unpaired branches of the Abdominal Aorta

42
Q

What are the 4 PRE-vertebral Ganglions?

A
  1. Celiac ganglion
  2. Superior Mesentery Ganglion
  3. Aorticorenal Ganglion
  4. Inferior Mesentery Ganglion
43
Q

Where do we see Presence of Sympathetics in the Thorax? (3)

A
  1. Thoracic Sympathetic Trunk
  2. Cardiopulmonary Splanchnic Ns.
  3. Abdominopelvic Splanchnic Ns.
44
Q

What does the Thoracic Sympathetic Trunk allow for?

A

Is location of presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibers synapsing onto Long pOst synaptic nerve cell bodies

45
Q

What nerves are classified as Cardiopulmonary SPlanchnic Ns.?

A

Cardiac Splanchnic N.

Pulmonary Splanchnic N.

46
Q

How does the Cardiac SPlanchnic N. Travel?

What will it send fibers to?

A

Presynaptic cell bodies in Lateral Horn of SC at Level of T1-5/6
—>
Post-Syn. Cell bodies in Cervical or THoracic Sympathetic trunk

Send fibers to the Superficial and Deep Cardiac Plexuses

47
Q

How does the Pulmonary Splanchnic N. Travel?

Where will it send fibers to?

A

Presyn. Cell bodies in lateral horn of SC at Levels T2-3
—>
Postsyn. Cell bodies in thoracic Sympathetic trunk

-sends fibers to Pulmonary Plexuses

48
Q

What is the role of the Abdominopelvic Splanchnic Ns.?

A

Travels from Thoracic Sympathetic Trunk to Corresponding PRE-vertebral ganglia in abdomen

(Pre-vertebral = celiac, superior mesentery, aorticorenal, inferior mesentery)

49
Q

What are the Abdominopelvic SPlanchnic Ns.?

A
  1. Greater splanchnic n
  2. Lesser splanchnic n.
  3. Least splanchnic n.
50
Q

How does the Greater splanchnic n. Travel?

A

From T5-9/10

Sends fibers to esophageal plexus and to Celiac Ganglion

—> celiac Plexus

51
Q

How does the Lesser SPlanchnic N. Travel?

A

from T10 and T11

Send fibers to Celiac and Superior Mesenteric Ganglion in abdomen

—> superior Mesenteric plexus

52
Q

How does the Least Splanchnic N. Travel?

A

From T12

Sends fibers to the Aorticorenal Ganglion in abdomen

53
Q

What comprises the Paraysympathetic Nervous System?

A

Craniosacral

CNs 3, 7, 9, and 10, S2-4

54
Q

How are the pre and post synaptic fibers in the PARA sympathetic nervous system?

A 
Pre= long
Post = short
55
Q

Where are the nuclei of the Pre-synaptic fibers of the PARAsympathetic nervous system?

A

Nuclei in brainstem and sacral spinal levels

56
Q

What CNS are components of the Parasympathetic Nervous system?

A

CN3 (oculomotor)

CN7 (facial)

Cn9 (glossopharyngeal)

CN10(vagus)

57
Q

What are the Sacral components of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

A

Sacral component exits spinal levels as

Pelvic Splanchnic Ns.

58
Q

Where is the ganglia/post-synaptic neurons of the Postsynaptic fibers of the PARAsympathetic nervous system?

A

Near or in target organs (why they are short!!)

59
Q

What are the 4 ganglions associated w/ Postsynaptic fibers of the PARAsympathetic Nervous System?

A
  1. Ciliary
  2. Pterygopalatine
  3. Submandibular
  4. Otic Gnaglion
60
Q

What presynaptic fibers will the Ciliary Gnaglion receive?

A

Fibers from CN3

61
Q

What presynaptic fibers will the Pterygopalatine Gnaglion receive?

A

Fibers from Cn 7

62
Q

What presynaptic fibers will the submandibular Gnaglion receive?

A

Fibers from CN 7

63
Q

What presynaptic fibers will the Otic Gnaglion receive?

A

Fibers from CN 9

64
Q

What are Intrinsic Parasympathetic ganglia?

A

Post-synaptic parasympathetic cell bodies located in wall of target organs

65
Q

What are the branches of the Vagus N. In the Thorax?

A
  1. Superior cardiac branch
  2. Middle cardiac branch
  3. inferior cardiac branch
  4. Pulmonary branches
  5. Esophageal branches
66
Q

What does the Vagus n. Allow for in the Thorax?

A

Presynpatic parasympathetic innervation to the

Lungs
Bronchi
Heart
Pleurae
Pericardium
67
Q

How does the Superior Cardiac Branch of the Vagus N. Travel?

what will it from?

A

Originates in neck —> descend thru Superior Thoracic Aperture

-forms cardiac plexus w/ cardiac splanchnic ns.

68
Q

How does the MIddle Cardiac Branch of the Vagus N. Travel?

what will it from?

A

Originates in neck —> descends thru Superior THoracic APerture

-forms cardiac plexus w/ cardiac splanchnic Ns.

69
Q

How does the Inferior Cardiac Branch of the Vagus N. Travel?

what will it from?

A

Originates in thorax

-forms cardiac plexus w/ cardiac splanchnic Ns.

70
Q

How do the Pulmonary Branches of the Vagus N. Travel?

what will it from?

A

Originates in thorax

-forms Pulmonary Plexus w/ Pulmonary Splanchnic Ns.

71
Q

How do the Esophageal Branches of the Vagus N. Travel?

what will it from?

A

Originates in thorax

0joins esophageal plexus that covers inferior 2/3rds of the esophagus

72
Q

What makes up the Pulmonary Plexus?

Sympathetic from?
Parasympathetic from?

A

Sympathetic input from: Pulmonary Splanchnic Ns.

Parasymp. Input from: Pulmonary branches of CNX

73
Q

What will the Pulmonary Plexus inner term?

A

Lungs
Bronchi
Pleurae

74
Q

What will the sympathetic input of the Pulmonary Plexus do?

A
  • bronchodilator to bronchi and bronchioles
  • inhibitor to gland of bronchi and bronchioles
  • vasoconstrictor to pulmonary vessel
  • visceral sensory from lungs, bronchi and pleurae
75
Q

What will the parasympathetic input of the Pulmonary Plexus do?

A

◦ Bronchoconstrictor to bronchi and bronchioles
◦ Secretomotor to glands of the bronchi and bronchioles
◦ Vasodilator to pulmonary vessels
◦ Sensory from Bronchiol mucosa (cough reflex) stretch receptors from bronchial musculature
◦ Reflexive from interalveolar connective tissue
◦ Pressure sensory from Pulmonary A.
◦ Chemoreceptors from Pulmonary V.

76
Q

What makes up the Cardiac Plexus?

Sympathetic from?
Parasympathetic from?

A

Symp. Input from: Cardiac Splanchnic Ns.

Parasymp. Input from: Superior, Middle and Inferior Cardiac Branches of CNX

77
Q

Where will the post synaptic fibers of the Superior, Middle and Inferior cardiac branches of the Vagus N. Terminate?

A

Terminate near the SA and AV nodes

78
Q

What is the function of the Sympathetic fibers of the Cardiac Plexus?

A

◦ Innervates NOdal Tissue
‣ Increases HR and force of heart contractions

◦ vasomotor to pericardium

79
Q

What is the function of the Parasympathetic fibers of the Cardiac Plexus?

A

◦ Innervation Decfrease HR, reduces force of heart contraction

◦ Vasoconstriction Coronary As. (!!!)

80
Q

Where is the Superior Cardiac Plexus?

A

Covers anterior surface of aorta

81
Q

Where is the Deep Cardiac Plexus?

A

Exits anteiror to bifurcation of the Trachea, posterior to aortic arch, superior to bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk

82
Q

What characterizes the Aortic Plexus?

A

Continuous superiorly w/ Superficial Cardiac Plexus

Continuous inferiorly as Aortic Plexus in Abdomen, feeds into the InterMesenteric Plexus

83
Q

What makes up the Esophageal Plexus?

Sympathetic input?

Parasympathetic Input?

A

Symp. Input from: Greater Splanchnic N. And AOrtic Plexus

Parasymp. Input from: Esophageal branches of the Vagus N.

84
Q

What is the function of the Sympathetic input to the Esophageal Plexus?

A

Inhibit peristalsis and esophageal glands

85
Q

What is the function of the Parasympathetic input to the Esophageal Plexus?

A

Stimulates peristalsis and esophageal glands

<3 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions