Vascular Dz Flashcards
Tunica Intima
Innermost layer and lines the lumen
Tunica Media
Middle layer
Smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Responsible for vasodilation/constriction
Tunica Adventitia
Most superficial layer
Collagen fibers and strength
Arteriosclerosis
Stiffening/thickening of arterial walls
Degenerative nature
Atherosclerosis
Specific form of arteriosclerosis caused by build up of fatty plaques and cholesterol in the arteries
Atherosclerosis is responsible for ____% of deaths in the worls
50%
Are bruits diagnostic of significant stenosis?
Not necessarily
Rheumatic Fever
Inflammatory disease following Strep Pyogens Infection.
Caused by antibody cross-reactivity
Develops 2-4 weeks post-infection
Generally occurs in children 6-15 yo
Major complications of rheumatic fever
Carditis and valvulitis
Migratory arthritis
CNS involvement
Erythema Marginatum
Rheumatic Fever Tx
ASA
NSAIDS
Abx: PCN, Z-Pak
IF CHF: ACE, BB, Steriods, Diuretics
Thoracic Aorta Aneurysm
May be secondary to: Marfans, Ahlers-Danlos Syndrome May be asymptomatic Back, abdominal pain STart beta blockers, call surgeon
AAA
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
>90% are below renal arteries
Abdominal ultrasonography is very specific
Most common site to form an embolus?
Femoral bifurcation
6 P’s of arterial embolic Dz
Pain Pallor Pulseless Parasthesia Paralysis Poikilothermia (change in temp)
Virchow triad for thrombophlebitis
Venous stasis
Injury to vessel wall
Hypercoagulable state
Buerger’s Disease (Thromboangiitis Obliterans)
Recurring progressive inflammation and thrombosis of small arteries in hands and feet.
Caused by tobacco use
Buergers Dz Tx
Smoking cessation
Consider CCB’s (vasospasm)
Hyperbaric chamber
Raynaud’s Dz
Vasospasm in hands and feet decreasing blood flow
Ankle-Brachial Index
Comparison of ankle pressure to brachial SBP
If less than .5, clots are present
PAD Tx
Tobacco cessation
ASA 81mg QD
Cilostazol 100mg BID
Patients with claudication have a ___% 5-year survival.
50%
Vasculitis
Destruction of blood vessels by inflammation
Palpable purpura, myalgia
