Vascular Dz

Question 1

Tunica Intima

Answer 1

Innermost layer and lines the lumen

Question 2

Tunica Media

Answer 2

Middle layer
Smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Responsible for vasodilation/constriction

Question 3

Tunica Adventitia

Answer 3

Most superficial layer

Collagen fibers and strength

Question 4

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 4

Stiffening/thickening of arterial walls

Degenerative nature

Question 5

Atherosclerosis

Answer 5

Specific form of arteriosclerosis caused by build up of fatty plaques and cholesterol in the arteries

Question 6

Atherosclerosis is responsible for ____% of deaths in the worls

Answer 6

50%

Question 7

Are bruits diagnostic of significant stenosis?

Answer 7

Not necessarily

Question 8

Rheumatic Fever

Answer 8

Inflammatory disease following Strep Pyogens Infection.
Caused by antibody cross-reactivity
Develops 2-4 weeks post-infection
Generally occurs in children 6-15 yo

Question 9

Major complications of rheumatic fever

Answer 9

Carditis and valvulitis
Migratory arthritis
CNS involvement
Erythema Marginatum

Question 10

Rheumatic Fever Tx

Answer 10

ASA
NSAIDS
Abx: PCN, Z-Pak
IF CHF: ACE, BB, Steriods, Diuretics

Question 11

Thoracic Aorta Aneurysm

Answer 11

May be secondary to:
Marfans, Ahlers-Danlos Syndrome
May be asymptomatic
Back, abdominal pain
STart beta blockers, call surgeon

Question 12

AAA

Answer 12

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
>90% are below renal arteries
Abdominal ultrasonography is very specific

Question 13

Most common site to form an embolus?

Answer 13

Femoral bifurcation

Question 14

6 P’s of arterial embolic Dz

Answer 14

Pain
Pallor
Pulseless
Parasthesia
Paralysis
Poikilothermia (change in temp)

Question 15

Virchow triad for thrombophlebitis

Answer 15

Venous stasis
Injury to vessel wall
Hypercoagulable state

Question 16

Buerger’s Disease (Thromboangiitis Obliterans)

Answer 16

Recurring progressive inflammation and thrombosis of small arteries in hands and feet.
Caused by tobacco use

Question 17

Buergers Dz Tx

Answer 17

Smoking cessation
Consider CCB’s (vasospasm)
Hyperbaric chamber

Question 18

Raynaud’s Dz

Answer 18

Vasospasm in hands and feet decreasing blood flow

Question 19

Ankle-Brachial Index

Answer 19

Comparison of ankle pressure to brachial SBP

If less than .5, clots are present

Question 20

PAD Tx

Answer 20

Tobacco cessation
ASA 81mg QD
Cilostazol 100mg BID

Question 21

Patients with claudication have a ___% 5-year survival.

Answer 21

50%

Question 22

Vasculitis

Answer 22

Destruction of blood vessels by inflammation

Palpable purpura, myalgia