Vascular Development Flashcards
Vasculogenesis
De Novo formation of blood vessels
Does not come from existing materials
Needs to undergo vascular maturation
Amnion is ______
AVASCULAR
provides thermal stability
Primary driving force for vascular development
Hypoxia
After day 16, Endoderm secretes ______ and mesoderm expresses ______
endoderm excretes VEGF-A while mesoderm expresses VEGF-R2
Mesoderm differentiates into
Mesoderm after being activated by VEGF-A differentiate into hemangioblasts
Hemangioblasts are capable of becoming blood vessels and the blood itself
Which signaling molecules are only released in the heart field?
BMP, Shh and FGF8
leads to endocardial tube on lateral side
What induces VEGF-A release from endoderm?
Hypoxia
Dorsal Aorta originates from which side?
Ventral side
Formation of Dorsal Aorta
Mesenchymal cells in ventral mesoderm recieve VEGF-A stimulation from endoderm
Becomes cluster of angioblasts
VEGF-A causes angioblasts to form cords/ channels
VEGF-A causes antasmoses of microvessels and endothelial cells to form the paired dorsal aorta
Role of Endothelial Cells in Differentiation and recrutiment
Endothelial cells secrete PDGF-Beta to recruit Vascular Smooth muscle expressing PDGF-R
During development, chorinoic villi acts like which adult organ?
Which layer of cells is crucial for the embryo-mother barrier?
the Lungs
Trophoblats epithelium prevents crossing of blood at placenta level
Allows exchange of nutrients and oxygen
What determine whether endothelial progenitor cells will become venous or arterial endothelial cells?
Cells that receive a lot of VEGF-A become Arterial EC
Cells that receive little VEGF-A become venous EC
Which molecule supports venous formation
Eph B4
Eph B4 is a TM tyrosine kinase
Which molecule supports arterial formation
Ephrin B2
Ephrin B2 is a TM ligand for Eph B4
Formation of lymphatic vessels occurs via which molecule and cells?
Venous endothelial cells differentiate into lymphatic endothelial cells upon exposure to Prox-1
