Renal Physiology

Question 1

Anions and cations of ECF

Answer 1

Cations: K and Mg
Anions: Proteins and organic phosphates

Question 2

Anions and Cations of ICF

Answer 2

Cations: Na
Anions: Cl and HCO3

Question 3

Clearance Indicates

Answer 3

The amount of plasma cleared of a substance per unit time

Question 4

RBF is what percent of cardiac output?

Answer 4

25%

Question 5

At low concentrations Angiotensin II acts on ______

Answer 5

vasoconstricts efferent arterioles thereby increasing GFR

Question 6

Myogenic reflex

Answer 6

Increase stretch leads to increased smooth muscle vasoconstriction

Question 7

Tubular Glomerular Feedback

Answer 7

Increased Renal arterial pressure leads to increased delivery of fluid to the maccula densa. Maccula densa then secretes high doses of renin to constrict afferent arteriole and decrease GFR.

Question 8

BUN / Creatinine levels with decreased GFR

Answer 8

Both BUN and Creatinine levels will increase with a decrease in GFR
Decrease GFR implies less blood is being filtered, thus more BUN and Creatinine will remain in circulation

Question 9

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors act on which part of the nephron?

Answer 9

Early Proximal Tubule

Only portion that expresses apical CA

Question 10

Glomerular Tubular Balance

Answer 10

If GFR increases, then reabsorption at the PT will increase

If GFR decreases, then reabsorption at the PT will decrease

Question 11

Loop Diuretics Act on which part of the nephron?

Answer 11

Thick Ascending Limb

Inhibits triple transporter NKCC2

Question 12

Thiazide Diuretics act on which part of the nephron?

Answer 12

Distal Convoluted Tubule