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(AA) Hemostasis > Vascular and PLT Function Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Vascular and PLT Function Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Hemostasis

A

blood clotting to arrest bleeding and re-establish blood flow during the healing process

Has a balance
Involves vascular, plts, coag cascade, control, fibrinolysis

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2
Q

Primary Hemostasis Overview

A

Plt aggregation

WHITE THROMBUS

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3
Q

Secondary Hemostasis Overview

A

Fibrin Strands

RED THROMBUS

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4
Q

Hemathralgia

A

bleeding into joints

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5
Q

Purpura
Ecchymoses

A

Bruises

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6
Q

Epistaxis

A

nose bleed

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7
Q

DVT

A

abnormal clotting in deep veins such as the legs

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8
Q

Cryoprecipitate

A

substrate from human plasma can be transfused

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9
Q

Stages of hemostasis
Primary

A

role of blood vessels/plts at site forming plt plug

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10
Q

Vascular Parameter

Tunica Intama (Inner layer)

A

Broad flat enothelial cells

BM collagen

Prevents blood from reacting with other layers

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11
Q

Stages of hemostasis
Secondary

A

fibrin developes to stregnthen plts

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12
Q

Vascular Parameter

Tunica Media (middle)

A

elastic/smooth,

Constricts and dilates

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13
Q

Vascular Parameter

Tunica Adventia (outer)

A

connective/support tissue

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14
Q

Resistance to thrombosis formation
phy
p/n
synth by,
v
inhibits?

A

Physical barrier

Prostaglandin PG12/PG12 and Nitric Oxide

synth by endoth cells, vasodilator, inhibits plt adhesion

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15
Q

More about Resistance to thrombosis formation
involved in activity of?
inhibits?

what inhibits tissue factor?

A

involved in activity of protein C and Anti-thrombin, both inhibit factors of the cascade

TFPI inhibits tissue factor

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16
Q

When endothelial cells are disrupted
vaso…

A

Vasoconstriction - slows blood flow and sheer stress

17
Q

Initial stimuli of hemostasis

A

PAF, TF III, Collagen

18
Q

localize clot formation
what adhesion?
endo cells syth and release?

pts….secrete?

A

collagen plt adhesion

endo cells synth and release VON Williebrand Factor

(plts adhere, secretes ADAMS13, binding for IXA/XA)

19
Q

provide activators for clearance of thrombus

A

to break down fibrin clot TPA

20
Q

Endothelial cells play roles in both?

A

procoag and anticoag

21
Q

Hematopoesis in the BM

A

plts apart of myeloid cell lines from HSC

Megakaryocyte —plt

22
Q

TPO/ Thrombopoetin

A

regulates megakary production and plt release from BM in response to thrombocytopenia

Binds to receptors on plts

Inhibits megakary apoptosis

Increased Plts = DECREASE TPO = few megakaryocytes

23
Q

Ultrastructure of plts

Peripheral Zone

Glycocalyx
mediates?

A

mediates plt adhesion and aggregation

(adhesion) plts stick to blood vessel

Aggreg - plt stick to plt

24
Q

Ultrastructure of plts

Peripheral Zone

Open canalicular system

A

extension of plt membrane, winds down to interrior

25
Q

Sol-Gel Zone of plts

Cytoskeleton
facilitates?
micro/cont

A

maintains shape, facilitates secretion process

microfilaments and contracticle proteins

26
Q

Sol-Gel Zone of plts

Dense tubular system

A

plt activation and Ca++ storage

27
Q

Organelle Zone of PLTS

Lysozomes/Mitochonrdria

A

lYSO - few, may disrupt endo structure after vasc.

Mito - ATP synth

28
Q

Organelle Zone of Plts

Granules

A

Dense granules (ADP/CA++/Serotonin) larger and fewer in numbers

Alpha Granules (TXA2,VWF,FV,FVIII,FI,HMWK,PF4) more numerous

29
Q

Thromboxane A2

A

plt activation and aggregation

ASPRIN inhibits cyclooxinganase and inhibits plt activation and aggregation

30
Q

Plt function in vascular injury

Adhesion

sticking to
what is glue?
platelet receptor for VWF?

what does vwf carry?

A

sticking to collagen
collagen exposed

VWF is glue between collagen and plts

(plt receptor for VWF is GP IB)

VWF carries FVII

31
Q

Plt function in vascular injury

Activation

shape…causes?

stim by agonists….what is formed from the plt?

Receptors?

A

initiated by plt adhesion induces a shape change which allows release of granules/secretion

stim by agonist - pseudopods w actin and myosin, glycoprot IIB/IIIA receptors

32
Q

Plt function in vascular injury

Release reaction/secretion

S
V
A
T
C
F

A

plt adhere and are stim to secrete contents of granules

Serotonin: vasocontriction
VWF: plt adhesion
ADP plt aggregation
TXA2 plt aggregation
Ca: activates plts/cascade
Fibrinogen: plt aggregation/cascade

33
Q

Plt function in vascular injury

Agreggation

what exposes GP IIB/IIIA complex?

recruits?

what attaches and makes a bridge? this causes?

A

ADP and TXA2 expose GP IIB/ IIIa complex

recruit more plts to site

fibrinogen attaches to plt membrane forming bridge, results in PLUG

34
Q

Plt function in vascular injury

Clot retraction

A

actin and myosin contract, pulls everything back in stopping bleeding

35
Q

PLT plug

A

provides foundation for clot form such as phospholipid PF3 (plt factor 3) “not a true facotr”

supports coag cascade
provides binding for vit K

36
Q

Plt effectiveness

very young

what reverses activation of plts

A

more dependent on function than #

<50 x 103 may have prob w surgery
<10 x 103 spontaneous bleeds

very young plts may posses increased activity

PG12 reverses activation of plts

(AA) Hemostasis (19 decks)

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