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c > vascular anatomy of the limbs > Flashcards

vascular anatomy of the limbs Flashcards

1
Q

which have the highest pressure; arteries or veins?

A

arteries

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2
Q

do arteries branch or join together?

A

branch

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3
Q

do veins branch or join together?

A

join together

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4
Q

how much of the blood is in the venous system?

A

80%

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5
Q

veins have low pressure. how else can blood get through the veins to the heart?

A

gravity in the superior VC

  • ve pressure in the thorax and abdomen
  • ve pressure from the heart contracting
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6
Q

what branches off the subclavians?

A

internal thoracic arteries

vertebral arteries

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7
Q

what is the main role of the subclavian arteries?

A

supply the upper limbs

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8
Q

which artery does the subclavian artery continue into?

A

axillary artery

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9
Q

where does the axillary artery start and end?

A

starts at lateral border of the 1st rib

ends at the lateral border of the teres major

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10
Q

where does the axillary artery run?

A

through the armpit

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11
Q

what branches off the axillary artery?

A

humeral circumflex

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12
Q

what does the humeral circumflex supply?

A

the head of the humerus

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13
Q

what are the three regions of the axillary artery?

A

1st rib to pec minor
underneath pec minor to enter armpit
pec minor to teres major

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14
Q

what does the axillary artery branch into?

A

brachial artery

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15
Q

where does the brachial artery end?

A

1cm below the elbow

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16
Q

what is a major branch of the brachial artery?

A

profundal brachii

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17
Q

where does the profundal brachii run?

A

posterior compartment of the arm

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18
Q

what does the profundal brachii supply?

A

the triceps

19
Q

where is the brachial artery found?

A

superficial on the anterior side

20
Q

where is the brachial pulse found?

A

just above the elbow as the bicep transitions into a tendon

21
Q

what is the advantage of collateral circulation in joints?

A

prevents ischaemia if the joint is injured

allows for blood to the joint even if that artery is occluded

22
Q

what does the brachial artery divide into?

A

ulnar and radial arteries

23
Q

where does the ulnar artery run and what does it supply?

A

medial aspect of the forearm

supplies medial muscles of the forearm

24
Q

what does the ulnar artery branch into?

A

common interosseous

25
Q

what does the common interosseous supply?

A

deep flexors and extensors of the arm - blood supply to the back of the arm

26
Q

where does the radial artery branch?

A

the lateral aspect of the forearm superficially

27
Q

what does the radial artery supply?

A

lateral muscles of the forearm

28
Q

where is the radial pulse found?

A

lateral to the tendon of the flexcarparadialis

29
Q

what is the ulnar pulse found?

A

lateral to the tendon of the flexacarpiulnaris

30
Q

why is the ulnar pulse more difficult to palpate?

A

deeper and under the carpal bones and palmar fascia

31
Q

what does the anastomoses of the radial and ulnar arteries form?

A

superficial and deep palmar arches

32
Q

which artery does the superficial arch mainly branch from?

A

the ulnar

33
Q

which artery does the deep arch mainly branch from?

A

radial artery

34
Q

what arteries arise from the palmar arches and what do they supply?

A

metacarpal and digital arteries - supply the fingers

35
Q

explain how to carry out the allen test?

A

occlude radial and ulnar arteries while patient puts hand into a fist
pushes venous blood through the venous system
hand should go white when opened
colour returns within 3 seconds

36
Q

what processes have superseded the allen test?

A

doppler and ultrasound

37
Q

how are deep veins named?

A

after their arteries

38
Q

what are the two types of venous return?

A

deep and superficial

39
Q

how many veins for every artery in the limb?

A

2

40
Q

which 2 superficial veins start from the dorsal venous network?

A

basilic vein

cephalic vein

41
Q

what vein links the basilic and cephalic vein?

A

median cubital vein

42
Q

what is the median cubital vein used for?

A

talking venous blood samples

doing venipuncture

43
Q

what vein do basilic and cephalic veins drain into?

A

axillary vein

subclavian vein

44
Q

how does venous blood drain from the subclavian vein to the heart?

A

subclavian –> brachiocephalic –> superior vena cava –> heart

c (25 decks)

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