Vascular Anatomy Flashcards
What is the arterial supply that arises from the cerebral arterial circle?
Rostral cerebral artery, Middle cerebral artery, Caudal cerebral artery, Rostral cerebellar artery
What artery arise from the basilar artery in the dog?
Caudal cerebellar artery
What are the arteries that arrive at the arterial circle in the dog?
Internal carotid artery, Basilar artery, Maxillary artery, Vertebral artery
What is the rete mirabile?
A network of small blood vessels that may be part of maxillary or vertebral artery in some species
What is the function of the rete mirabile?
May act as heat exchanger
Which arteries carry blood to the cranial portion of the brain?
Internal carotid artery
Which artery supplies the caudal portion of the brain?
Vertebral artery
In which species is the proximal 2/3 of the internal carotid artery absent?
Sheep and Cat
From where does the only supply of blood to the cerebral arterial circle originate in some species (sheep and cat)?
Maxillary arteries via rete mirabile
What does maxillary blood supply in the cat?
All of brain except caudal medulla
What supplies the whole brain in ox?
Anastomosing branches of maxillary and vertebral artery with rete mirabile
How is the arterial supply to the spinal cord organized?
Segmentally by spinal branches arising from the vertebral artery and aorta
What are the dorsal sinuses involved in venous drainage?
Dorsal sagittal sinus, Straight sinus, Transverse sinus
What does the straight sinus drain?
Great cerebral vein from deep cerebrum
What are the components of the ventral sinuses?
Cavernous sinus
What does the cavernous sinus drain into?
Ventral petrosal sinus
What veins do the sinuses drain into?
Maxillary, vertebral, occipital, and internal jugular veins
What are areas without complete Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)?
Choroid plexus, Hypophysis, Median eminence, Pineal gland, Area postrema
What are the structural features of capillaries in the CNS?
Continuous tight junctions, Absence of fenestrations, Small number of pinocytotic vesicles
Which substances are very permeable through the BBB?
Lipophilic substances
What crosses freely into the brain depending on osmolality?
Water
What is the transport mechanism for glucose in the BBB?
Dependent on GLUT1 in endothelial cells
