Varitation - Speciation

Question 1

Key terms

Answer 1

Speciation - formation of new species due to isolation of members from larger population

Deme- smaller gene pool of species separated from larger population

Gene flow - diversity of gene able to be inherited

Question 2

2 types of speciation

Answer 2

Allopatric speciation - due to geographical location (different island, distance)

Sympatric speciation - due to reproductive isolation (something else other than geological barrier inhibiting fertile offspring)

Question 3

Allopatric speciation

Answer 3

-smaller deme separated from larger population by physical barriers
-limit gene flow (no interbreed with sleeve population)
-deme start to accumulate mutations that is separate form large population
-when merge again after long time - no longer compatible (genital incompatible, different courtship method)

Question 4

Sympatric speciation

Answer 4

-Smaller deme formed but not separated by geological isolation
-for other reason:
-pre-zygotic isolation - member of other deme unable to inter breed (different courtship methods, genital different(
-post-zygotic isolation - member of other deme could but hybrid inviability (fertilisation take place, but embryo unable to develop) + hybrid sterility (offspring are infertile like unable to form homologs)