Variation Flashcards
Even organisms of the same species usually will look at least slightly ____
Even organisms of the same species usually will look at least slightly different
Name the 2 types of variation
- Genetic variation
- Environmental variation
All plants and animals have what that are in some ways similar to their parents’?
Characteristics
Why do all plants and animals have characteristics that are in some way similar to their parents’?
Because their characteristics are determined by the genes inherited from their parents
Define ‘genes’
Codes inside your cells that control how you’re mad
Inherited genes are passde on in ____ which the offspring ____ ____
Inherited genes are passde on in gametes which the offspring develop from
Describe how many genes most animals (and quite a lot of plants) get from each parent?
Some from mother and some from father
What causes genetic variation?
The combining of genes from two parents
No two organisms of the same species are ____ ____ (other than ____ ____)
No two organisms of the same species are genetically identical (other than identical twins)
Some characteristics are determined only by ____
Some characteristics are determined only by genes
Give 3 examples of animal characteristics that are determined only by genes?
- Eye colour
- Blood group
- Inherited disorders ( haemophilia or cystic fibrosis)
Name an example of a plant characteristic that is only determined by genes?
The violet flower colour
Define ‘environmental variation’
The environment that organisms live and grow in causing differences between members of the same species
Name 3 examples of environmental variation
- Having your leg amputated
- Getting a suntan
- Having yellow leaves in the autumn
A plant grown in sunny conditions compared to a plant grown in darkness
Describe the environmental variation
Sunny - luscious and green
Darkness - tall and spindly, yellow leaves
Any difference caused by the conditions something lives in is a what?
Environmental variation
How are most characteristic determined?
By a mixture of genetic and environmental factors
Describe how both genetic and environmental factors affect the height of an organism
Genetic - genes that determine the maximum height of an organism determines how much an organism could grow
Environmental - How much food it gets determines how much the orgamism actually grows
What is a good way to study whether genetic or environmental factors are more influential?
With identical twins
