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Biology: 1 > The Menstrual Cycle > Flashcards

The Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

Define the ‘menstrual cycle’

A

The monthly release of an egg from the ovaries, and the build-up and breakdown of the protective lining in the uterus

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2
Q

What are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle

A
  1. Day 1 - The lining of the uterus breaks down
  2. Day 4 - The lining of the uterus builds up again
  3. Day 14 - An egg is developed and then released from the ovary and the wall is maintained
  4. Day 28 - If no fertilised egg has landed on the uterus wall, the lining breaks down and cycle begins again
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3
Q

What happens on day 1 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The lining of the uterus breaks down

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4
Q

What happens on day 4 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The lining of the uterus starts to build up again

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5
Q

What happens on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

A

An egg is developed and then released

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6
Q

How long is the lining of the uterus maintained for?

A

For about 14 days

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7
Q

What happens on the day 28 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The uterus lining starts to break down and the whole cycle begins again

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8
Q

Describe the uterus lining

A

Thick, spongy, and full of blood vessels

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9
Q

Which 3 hormones control the menstrual cycle?

A
  1. FSH
  2. Oestrogen
  3. LH
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10
Q

What does FSH stand for?

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

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11
Q

What 2 things does FSH do?

A
  1. Causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries
  2. Stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen
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12
Q

What 2 things does oestrogen do?

A
  1. Causes the pituitary gland to produce LH
  2. Inhibits the further release of FSH
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13
Q

What does LH stand for?

A

Luteinising hormone

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14
Q

What 1 thing does LH do?

A
  1. Stimulates the release of an egg at around the middle of the menstrual cycle
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15
Q

Name a 4th hormone invloved in the menstrual cycle

A

Progesterone

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16
Q

Where is FSH produced?

A

The pituitary gland

17
Q

Where is oestrogen produced?

A

The ovaries

18
Q

Where is LH produced?

A

The pituitary gland

19
Q

Where is progesterone produced?

A

The ovaries

20
Q

If, in an exam situation, you are told that women with epilepsy are more likely to suffer from more seizures at certain points in the menstrual cycle, what would you suggest might be the cause of this?

A

It might be hormone changes that are triggering them

Biology: 1 (35 decks)

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