Pathogens

Question 1

Define ‘pathogens’

Answer 1

Microorganisms that enter the body and cause diseases

Question 2

What kind of diseases do (though not always?) pathogens cause?

Answer 2

Infectious diseases

Question 3

Define ‘infectious diseases’

Answer 3

Diseases that can easily spread

Question 4

What are the 2 main types of pathogen?

Answer 4

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses

Question 5

Define ‘bacteria’

(2 points)

Answer 5

1. Very small cells
2. Can reproduce rapidly inside your body

Question 6

What are the 2 things bacteria do to make you feel ill?

Answer 6

1. Damage your cells
2. Produce toxins

Question 7

How big are bacteria compared to human body cells?

Answer 7

About 1/100 (one hundredth) the size of your body cells

Question 8

What is a virus not?

Why?

Answer 8

A virus is not a cell

Because they are much smaller

Question 9

What size is a virus in comparison to a bacterium?

Answer 9

About 1/100th (one hundredth) the size of a bacterium

Question 10

What do viruses do to make you feel ill?

(2 steps, 3 points)

Answer 10

1. They replicate themselves by invading your cells and using the cells’ machinery to produce many copies of itself
2. The cell will usually then burst, releasing all the new viruses
3. This cell damage is what makes you feel ill

Question 11

Which pathogen/s make you feel ill by producing toxins?

Answer 11

Bacteria

Question 12

Which pathogen/s make you feel ill by causing cell damage?

Answer 12

1. Bacteria
2. Viruses