Variation Flashcards
What causes variation
-genetic causes
-environmental causes
-combination of both
what is used to transfer the required gene into the new cell in genetic engineering
vector (e.g. bacterial plasmid/virus)
how are enzymes used in genetic engineering
to cut out the required gene
how have bacteria been genetically engineered
to produce useful substances, such as human insulin to treat diabetes
concerns about genetically engineered crops
-possible detrimental effects on wild flowers and insects
-effects on human health may not be fully understood
how have plant crops been genetically engineered
-disease resistance
-produce bigger fruits
-higher yield
what is genetic engineering
modifying the genome of an organism by introducing a gene from another organism to give a desired characteristic
consequences of inbreeding
inherited defects and diseases
describe the process of selective breeding
1.chose parents with desired characteristic
2.breed them together
3.choose offspring with desired characteristic and breed again
4.continue over many generations until all offspring show that characteristic
what is selective breeding
breeding plants and animals for a desired characteristic
how do new phenotype variants occur
mutations
what is variation
differences in genetic information and, therefore, characteristics of individuals in the population
