Organisation in Plants

Question 1

Function of the phloem

Answer 1

transport dissolved sugars from leaves to the rest of the plant

Question 2

how is the xylem adapted for its function

Answer 2

-made of dead cells
-no end wall between cells
-walls strengthened by lignin to withstand a high water pressure

Question 3

function of xylem

Answer 3

transports water and minerals from roots to the rest of the plant

Question 4

function of guard cells

Answer 4

control opening and closing of the stomata

Question 5

how is spongy mesophyll adapted to its function

Answer 5

air spaces increase surface area and allow gases to diffuse quickly

Question 6

how is palisade mesophyll adapted for its function

Answer 6

tightly packed cells with lots of chloroplasts to absorb as much light as possible for photosynthesis

Question 7

2 ways upper epidermis is adapted for its function

Answer 7

-single layer of transparent cells, allowing light to pass through
-cells secrete a waxy substance that makes leaves waterproof

Question 8

where are most stomata found and what is the advantage of this

Answer 8

underside of leaves
because it reduces amount of water loss through evaporation

Question 9

why does increased light intensity increase the transpiration rate

Answer 9

stomata opened wider to allow more carbon dioxide into leaf for photosynthesis

Question 10

4 factors that affect rate of transpiration

Answer 10

-temperature (high temp=high rate)
-light intensity
-humidity (high humid=low rate)
-wind speed

Question 11

purpose of transpiration

Answer 11

-provide water to keep cells turgid
-provide water to cells for photosynthesis
transport minerals to leaves

Question 12

definition of transpiration

Answer 12

movement of water from roots to leaves through xylem

Question 13

purpose of translocation

Answer 13

transport dissolved sugars from leaves to other parts of plant for respiration growth and storage