Variaion Flashcards
What is variation?
Variation means differences in the charactericits of animals of the same species
What are inherited features?
Give some examples of inherited features
Inherited features are features that are passed down from our parents
Examples: Eye colour, Attached or unattached ear lobes.
What are environmental features?
Give some examples of environmental features
Environmental features are things that you can change about your appearance
Examples: Hair dye, Tattoos , Piercings
Describe some features that are both environmental and inherited and explain why.
Height is an example of something that is both inheirted and environmental. You inherit some of your height from your pareants, but it also depends on how well you have eaten (how good your neutrition is)
Skin colour is another example of something that is both. You inherit your skin colour from your parents but you can also change it by getting a sun tan.
Weight is also affected by both. Your genes help to decide how much you weigh, but it is also affected by how much you eat.
What is a gene
A gene is the code that tells our cells what features we should have
What is DNA?
DNA is the molecule that makes up the genes
Where are the genes stored in the body
The genes are stored on chromosomes. Chromosomes are in the nucleus which is inside the cell.
How many chromosomes do we have in each cell.
Where do we get them from?
There are 46 chromosomes in each of our cells.
We get 23 chromosomes from our biological mother and 23 parents from our biological father
Explain what happens if you have a dominant and a recessive gene.
Give an example of a dominant and a recessive gene
A dominant gene is a gene that blocks out a recessive gene, this means you only have the features of the dominant gene.
For example, a blue eyed gene is recessive and the brown eyed gene is dominant. If you have inherited a blue eyed gene from one parent and a brown eyed gene from another parent the brown eyed gene will bock out the blue eyed gene so you will have brown eyes.
Explain what discreete data is
What do you use to show discreete data
Discreete data is something that you count or identify. For example Hair colour, eye colour or number of children in a family
A bar graph is used to show discreete data
Explain what continuous data is
What do we use to show continuous data
Continuous data is data that you measure. For exmple time, height or hand span
We use a line graph to show continuous data
What is a dichotomous key used for
A dicotomous key is a flow chart that helps you to classify animals
What is the difference between instinctive and learned behaviour?
Instinctive behaviour is something that you can do from birth.
Learned behaviour is something that you have to be taught to do.
Why do animals have instincts
Animals have instincts to help them to survive
What is an invertebrate?
An invertebrate is an animal that does not have a backbone.
What is a vertebrate?
A vertebrate is an animal that does have a backbone
What is an arthropod?
An arthropod is an invertebrate that has many jointed legs and a segmented body.
What are the 5 main groups of vertebrates?
Reptiles
Mammals
Fish
Amphibians
Birds
What are the main features that tell us that something is a mammal?
Gives birth to live young
Has fur that can trap air to keep the mammal warm
Babies feed on milk until they are old enough to eat food
What are the main features that tell us that something is a bird?
It has feathers that can trap air to keep the brd warm and also allow it to fly
It lays hard eggs
What are the main feautures that tell us that something is an amphibian?
It can gather oxygen by absorbing it from the water through its soft skin or by breathing using its lungs
It lays jelly eggs in the water
It undergoes metamorphosis (tadpoles are born which turn into amphibians)
What are the main features that tell us that something is a reptile?
Dry scaly skin
Lays leathery eggs
What are the main features that tell us that something is a fish?
Lays eggs in water
Has skaly, slimy skin
Gets its oxygen by absorbing it from water using its gills
What does biodiversity mean?
Biodiversity is the number of different species of animals that live in an area
What cells pass on the genes from a parent to a child
The egg cell passes on genes from a mother to their child
The sperm cell passes on genes from a father to their child
