Cells Flashcards
What is a cell?
Cells are the building blocks of living things
Label these parts of an animal cell
X = Cell membrane
Y = Cytoplasm
Z = Nucleus
Label these parts of a plant cell
A = Cell membrane
B = cytoplasm
C = Nucleus
D = Chloroplast
E = Vacuole
F = Cell wall
What does the nucleus do in the cell?
The nucleus contains the genes.
Gene are made of DNA and are the bluprint for our features
What does the cytoplasm do?
The cytoplasm is where the chemical reactions happen in the cell
What does the cell membrane do?
The cell membrane controls what comes in and out of the cell
What does the chloroplast do?
The chloroplast is only in plants, but not in the parts of a plant that are underground. It is where photosynthesis occurs
Photosynthesis is when plants absorb energy from sunlight
What is the vacuole filled with?
What does the vacuole do?
The vacuole is filled with cell sap, which is a sugary liquid
The vacuole is only found in plants and helps to maintain the shape of the cell. When plants (like vegetables) dry up they become floppy becuase the vacuole is no longer filled with fluid
What does the cell wall do?
The cell wall is only found in plants. It protects the cell from damage and helps the cell to keep its shape
What is the definition of a tissue
Give an example of a tissue
A tissue is a group of cells of the same type that are working together
Tissue include muscles and tendons
What is an organ?
Give an example of an organ
An organ is a group of tissues that work together to fulfil a role in the body
An example of an organ is the heart, lungs or kidneys
What does the respiratory system do?
Which organs are in the respiratory system?
The respiratory system lets your body take in oxygen
The organs in the respiratory system are the lungs and trachea (windpipe)
What does the circulatory system do?
What are the organs in the circulatory system?
The circulatory system pumps blood around the body. The blood contains red blood cells which carry the oxygen
The organs in the circulatory system are arteries, veins and the heart
What does the digestive system do?
What are the main organs in the digestive system?
The digestive system allows us to eat abd absorb food
The main organs in the digestive system are the stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine and large intestine
What does the sensory system do?
What are the main organs in the sensory system
The sensory system allows us to gather information from the world around us
The main organs in the sensory system are the eyes, ears, nose and skin
What does the nervous system do?
What are the main organs in the nervous system?
The nervous system sends messages around our body. This means that our brain can control things like movement and breathing.
The main organs in the nervours system are the brain, the nerves and the spinal cord
What does the reproductive system do?
What are the main organs in both men and women?
The reproductive system allows humans to have babies
In men the main organs are the testis and the penis
In women the main organs are the uterus (woumb), ovaries and the vagina
What does the skelton do?
What are the main organs in the skeleton?
The skelton supports our bodies and protects some of our organs from damage (e.g. the brain)
The main organs in the skelton are the bones
What does the excretory system do?
What are the main organs in the excretory system?
The excretory system removes waste products form our bodies
The main organs in the excretory system are the kidneys and the bladder
What is this cell called?
What does it do in the body?
How is it adapted to do this job?
These are red blood cells
Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body
It is adapted to have a dent in each side to give it a large surface area and to have no nucleus so that it can store more oxygen
What is this cell called?
What does it do in the body?
How is it adapted to do this?
This is nerve cell, also known as a neurone
This carries information in electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body
It is adapted to do this by having a long shape that can conduct electricity
What is this cell called?
What does it do?
How is it adapted to do this?
This is a white blood cell
It protects the body from infection by either engulfing (eating) the pathogen (bacteria or virus) or by producing antibodies that kill the pathogen
It is adapted to do this by being able to change shape to engulf the pathogens
What is this cell called?
What is it’s job?
How is it adapted to do this job?
This is a root hair cell
This cell absorbs water into the roots of plants
It is adapted to do this job becuase the hair gives it a large surface area
what is this cell called?
what is its job?
how is it adapted to do this job?
This is a palisade cell
This is at the top of a leaf and absorbs sunlight to collect energy for the plant
It is adapted to do this job by having lots of chloroplasts
What is this cell called?
What is it’s job?
How is this cell adapted to do this job?
This is a sperm cell
It’s job is to swim through the uterus and fertilize the egg
This cell is adapted to have a tail which lets it swim
What is this cell called?
What is it’s job?
How is it adapted to do this job?
This is an egg cell
It’s job is to be fertilized by a sperm cell, then grow into a baby
It is adapted to have a large cytoplasm which contains a lot of nutrients
