Variable Oxidation States

Question 1

What are vanadiums 4 oxidation states

Answer 1

Vanadium 5 - yellow
Vanadium 4- blue
Vanadium 3-green
Vanadium 2-purple

Question 2

How are different oxidation states of vanadium prepared

Answer 2

It is reacted with zinc in acid solution
Zinc will donate 2 electrons to vanadium reducing it and causing it to move down 1 oxidation state

Question 3

What is the equation for the reduction from vanadium 5-4

Answer 3

2VO2+ Zn + 4H > Zn2+ + 2VO2+ + 2H2O

Question 4

Equation for reduction of vanadium 4

Answer 4

2VO2+ + Zn + 4H > V3+ + Zn2+ + 2H2O

Question 5

Equation for vanadium 3 reduction

Answer 5

2V3+ + Zn > 2V2+ + Zn2+

Question 6

What is redox potential

Answer 6

How easy it is to reduce a metal

Higher values mean the ion is less stable and easier to be reduced

Question 7

What are the factors affecting redox potential

Answer 7

Ph - if there is a higher concentration of Hydrogen ions then the redox potential will increase

Changing ligands can change redox potential depending on bond strength

Question 8

How are different ions of vanadium prepared

Answer 8

Reduction zinc in acid solution