Valve disease

Question 1

true/false - diastolic murmurs are most common

Answer 1

false - systolic are

Question 2

name 2 systolic murmurs

Answer 2

mitral regurgitation

aortic stenosis

Question 3

name 2 diastolic murmurs

Answer 3

mitral stenosis

aortic regurgitation

Question 4

where does aortic stenosis radiate to on auscultation?

Answer 4

carotids

Question 5

where does mitral regurgitation radiate to on auscultation

Answer 5

axilla

Question 6

what is rheumatic fever

where indicated?

Answer 6

strep infection with immune reaction to heart valves

2 or more valves stenosed

Question 7

what murmur is soft, position dependent and early systolic

Answer 7

an innocent murmur

Question 8

causes of aortic stenosis

Answer 8

degenerative
congenital
rheumatic

Question 9

signs of aortic stenosis

Answer 9

low volume pulse
displaced lateral apex
ejection systolic murmur radiating to carotids

Question 10

what anticoagulation do you give for a mechanical heart valve

Answer 10

warfarin

Question 11

what lasts longer, bio-prosthetic valve or mechanical

Answer 11

mechanical

Question 12

causes of mitral regurg

Answer 12

annular dilatation 
ruptured papillary muscles 
chordae rupture - prolapse
rheumatic
endocarditis 
myxomatous

Question 13

treatment of mitral regurg

Answer 13

diuretics and ACEI

surgery - repair or replace valve

Question 14

causes of mitral stenosis

Answer 14

congenital

rheumatic

Question 15

signs of mitral stenosis

Answer 15

malar flush
tapping apex beat
mid diastolic rumbling

Question 16

treatment of mitral stenosis

Answer 16

diuretics and treat AF
valve replacement
no direct valve treatment

Question 17

causes of aortic regurg

Answer 17

endocarditis
rheumatic
marfans
aortic dissection

Question 18

signs of aortic regurg

Answer 18

collapsing pulse
wide pulse pressure
displaced apex
early diastolic murmur on left sternal edge

Question 19

treating aortic regurg

Answer 19

ACEI

valve replacement