validity

Question 1

internal validity

Answer 1

accurately measure cause and effect between variables, have to have control over variables

Question 2

factors affecting internal validity

Answer 2

• demand characteristics
• individual diffs (age, subject knowledge, skill)
• researcher bias (interpret data w what want to find)

Question 3

external validity

Answer 3

how much can generalise findings to broader context

Question 4

types of external validity

Answer 4

• temporal
• ecological
• mundane realism (boring)
• population

Question 5

what is population validity?

Answer 5

extent to which findings can be generalised to other populations of people eg classes

Question 6

what is mundane realism?

Answer 6

extent to which an experimental situation resembles a real-life situation or event eg memorising list of numbers backwards lacks it

Question 7

what is temporal validity?

Answer 7

extent to which findings can be generalised to other historical times and eras

Question 8

validity

Answer 8

result is accurate

Question 9

face validity

Answer 9

extent to which a measure appears on surface to measure what is supposed to measure

eg does a test of anxiety look like it measures anxiety

Question 10

concurrent validity

Answer 10

extent to which psychological measure relates to an existing similar measure

eg compare results of new IQ test to one that is already well established

Question 11

how to improve validity in experiments?

Answer 11

• control groups- asses change was IV or DV
• single/double blind- reduces DC
• standardised
• minimise investigator effects- eg double blind

Question 12

how to improve validity in observations?

Answer 12

• covert- unaware
• behavioural categories- look for same behaviour, reduces researcher bias
• questionnaires- anonymous=honest

Question 13

how to improve validity in qualitative methods?

Answer 13

• case studies + interviews instead of quant= info/context
• trangulation of data- gather through interviews w friends/family