Validity Flashcards
What is the definition of validity?
Does it measure what it is supposed to? The extent to which an observed effect is genuine.
Is it possible for data to be reliable but not valid?
Yes
What is internal validity?
Whether the effects observed are due to the manipulation of the IV and not another factor.
What is a threat to internal validity?
If participants respond to demand characteristics.
What is external validity?
Relates to factors outside of the investigation such as generalisation.
What is ecological validity? (external)
Extent to which findings from a study can be generalised to other settings and situations.
What type of experiment would have high ecological validity?
A natural experiment.
What is temporal validity?
The extent to which findings from a study can be generalised to other historical times or eras.
How can face validity be assessed?
By inspecting the measuring device or by giving it to an expert to check it.
How can concurrent validity be assessed?
If the two sets of data being compared are have a close agreement and have a correlation higher than +0.80.
How can we improve validity in experiments?
- Using a control group to assess whether changes were due to the IV.
- Use standardised procedures to minimise participant reactivity/investigator effects.
- Use a single/double blind procedure.
