Vaccines Adjuvants

Question 1

What are the adjuvants that have been approved for use in various vaccines.

Answer 1

AS01, AS04, AS02, CpG1018, Alum, MF59

Question 2

Describe the mechanism of adjuvant - alum.

Answer 2

‘Depot effect’ - aluminum salts induce small granulomas in which antigen is retained

Question 3

Which substance is adjuvant MF59 within?

Answer 3

squalene oil

Question 4

Which mechanism is activated by adjuvant MF59?

Answer 4

MyD88-dependant mechanism of activating pro-inflammatory cytokines

Question 5

MPL component on adjuvant AS04 has an immunostimulatory effect via….?

Answer 5

TLR4 activation

Question 6

What is the difference in adjuvant AS03 AND MF59.

Answer 6

Adjuvant AS03 has alpha-tocopherol as an additional immune enhancing agent

Question 7

Which vaccine is adjuvant AS01 used in?

Answer 7

Varicella zoster (shingles) vaccine and malaria vaccine

Question 8

Which vaccine is adjuvant alum used in?

Answer 8

Hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and HPV

Question 9

Which vaccine is the adjuvant MF59 used in?

Answer 9

influenza vaccine

Question 10

What vaccine is the adjuvant AS04 used in?

Answer 10

Hepatitis B and HPV

Question 11

What vaccine is the adjuvant AS03 used in?

Answer 11

Influenza vaccines

Question 12

What vaccine is the adjuvant cytosine phosphoguanosine 1018 used in?

Answer 12

HBV vaccine (adults >18)

Question 13

Which receptor does cytosine phosphoguanosine 1018 activate?

Answer 13

TLR9