Antifungals Flashcards
Name drugs which reduce cell membrane viability?
Amphotericin B, Nystatin
What type of bioavailability do polyenes (amphotericin B and nystatin) have?
Poor
Name some side effects of amphotericin B.
Nephrotoxicity, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia
What’s the M.O.A. of amphotericin B and nystatin?
Binds to sterol in cell membrane which results in membrane deformation, pore formation, leakage of ions, metabolic derangement
Name drugs which decrease ketoconazole absorption.
Ketoconazole requires acidity for dissolution therefore H2-receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors and antacids decrease ketoconazole absorption
List side effects of ketoconazole.
ketoconazole – hepatoxicity (rare), inhibition of adrenocortical steroids and testosterone (endocrine effects such as gynecomastia, decreased libido, impotence and menstrual irregularities,
Inhibition of CYP450 enzymes
Name some antifungal CYP450 inhibitors
Ketoconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, fluconazole (less effect)
Which group of azoles can be used to treat fungal meningitis?
Triazoles (fluconazole, itraconazole) - penetrates CSF
Name some antifungal CYP3A4 inducers.
Ketoconazole
Name an antifungal which results in blurred vision, vision colour changes, visual disturbances, and enhanced visual perception.
voriconazole
What drug is a reversible non-competitive inhibitor of squalene epoxidase ?
Terbinafine
Which drug(s) is an inhibitor of CYP2D?
Terbinafine
What are some side effects of flucytosine?
GI disturbances, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia
Which drug can be used in combination with flucytosine because of its synergistic effects?
AmphoB
Name drug(s) which are CYP450 inducers.
Griseofulvin
