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small animal medicine > vaccines 1&2 > Flashcards

vaccines 1&2 Flashcards

1
Q

Enhance a specific immune response in an animal by exposing it to
vaccination

A

immunoprophylaxis

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2
Q

provides immediate protection, works for agents that are poor immunogens or where there are no vaccinations

A

passive immunoprophylaxis

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3
Q

which is strong/longer protection? active or passive immunoprophylaxis

A

active

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4
Q

indicates a successful induction of an immune response

A

immunization

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5
Q

T/F

all vaccines provide immunization

A

false

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6
Q

administration of an antigenic product

A

vaccination

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7
Q

____ is important for persistent intracellular or latent infection

A

cell mediated immunity

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8
Q

where do live vaccines replicate

A

in the host

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9
Q

which route of administration gives the greatest systemic immune response

A

subcutaneous

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10
Q

this route of administration stimulates a local IgA immune response

A

intranasal

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11
Q

T/F

killed vaccines replicate in the host

A

false they do not

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12
Q

T/F

non-infectious killed vaccines are stable and do not pose a risk to getting sick

A

TRUE

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13
Q

T/F

The immune response to killed vaccines is generally a shorter duration and narrower spectrum

A

true

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14
Q

purified subunit vaccines

A

Contain an immunogenic component of an infectious agent

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15
Q

In vitro production of large quantities of immunogenic proteins through genetic engineering specific antigens into bacteria, yeasts or cell lines

A

genetically engineered subunit protein vaccine

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16
Q

two reasons adjuvants are added

A

to increase
• Immunostimulation
• Duration of immunity

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17
Q

how do adjuvants work

A
  • Prolong antigen exposure
  • Enhance antigen presentation
  • Increase cytokine and immune response
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18
Q

T/F

Adjuvants have been implicated as causing granulomatous reactions at vaccine sites

A

TRUE – sarcomas in cats with FeLV using aluminum

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19
Q

what vaccines currently have transdermal use

A

Current used in FeLV in cats and canine melanoma vaccine

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20
Q

mucosal application vaccines

A

Currently used in Canine and feline respiratory infections (intranasal), FeCoV

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21
Q

Vaccines for kittens and puppies end at ??

A

16 weeks of age – boosters given at 6 months to a year after completion

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22
Q

T/F

vaccines protect 100% of the population

A

FALSE

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23
Q

immediate hypersensitivity reaction

A

type 1

24
Q

involves IgE mediated release of histamine

A

hypersensitivity type 1

25
Q

which hypersensitivity reaction causes Angioedema and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis

A

type 1

26
Q

Involves IgG or IgM antibodies bound to cell surface antigens with subsequent complement fixation

A

hypersensitivity type 2

27
Q

which hypersensitivity reaction causes host cell hemolysis leading to hemolytic anemia

A

cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction

28
Q

what hypersensitivity reaction might inactivated rabies vaccine cause

A

type 1

29
Q

The MLV of parvovirus could potentially cause this hypersensitivity reaction

A

type 2 - cytotoxic

30
Q

Involved circulating antigen-antibody complexes that deposit in post capillary venules, with subsequent complement fixation

A

type 3 hypersensitivty reaction – also called serum sickness

31
Q

Dogs receiving the CAV-1 or less likely the CAV-2 vaccine can develop immune-complexes in the eye and result in_____

A

anterior uveitis – this is type 3 hypersensitivity

32
Q

vaccine reaction mediated by T cells not antibodies

A

delayed hypersensitivity reaction – type 4

33
Q

type 4 delayed hypersensitivity reaction is not common but can be seen when ___ is used as an immunostimulant compoung

A

BCG

34
Q

breed predisposed to Polyradiculoneuritis

A

coon hounds

35
Q

causes LMN 1-2 weeks post vaccination

A

Polyradiculoneuritis

36
Q

Polyradiculoneuritis is from a specific rabies vax derived from what

A

suckling mouse brains

37
Q

Most viruses are grown in cell cultures that contain serum from??

A

bovine fetuses

38
Q

ischemic dermatopathy vax rxn

A

Widespread cutaneous vasculitis – ulceration, crusting, hyperpigmentation and alopecia

associated with rabies 1-5 months post vaccination

39
Q

adjuvants in FeLV that causes injection site sarcomas in cats

A

aluminum

incidence of 1 in 10 000 vaccinated cats

40
Q

Encephalomyelitis from the MLV of what

A

rabies

41
Q

T/F

CPV or FPV vaccines are not to be given to pregnant females or animals < 4 weeks of age

A

true

42
Q

Sudden onset of lameness between 3 and 15 days post vaccination

A

polyarthritis in dogs

43
Q

Vaccine associated hypertrophic osteodystrophy and juvenile cellulitis is especially noted in what breed

A

weimaraners

44
Q

Immune-mediated polyarthritis in young akitas occurs how many days post MLV

A

3-29 days

*clinical signs start at around 16 weeks

45
Q

what is used for treatment in Immune-mediated polyarthritis in young akitas

A

corticosteroids can help with the inflammation but these dogs are usually euthanized by age 2 due to the progression and poor quality of life

46
Q

what is a core vaccine

A

All dogs and cats, regardless of geographical location or circumstance
• Protect against life threatening disease

47
Q

vaccines Only required in specific geographical locations, local environments or lifestyle places

A

non-core vaccine

48
Q

how often should vaccines be given to puppy or kitten and until when

A

start at 6-8 weeks old and give them every 2-4 weeks until 16 weeks old

49
Q

T/F

If the dog is > 16 weeks then a single vaccination is sufficient

A

true

50
Q

3 core vaccines for cats

A

FPV, FHV-1, FCV

51
Q

which vaccines are carried out annually in high risk cats

A

FHV-1 and FCV

52
Q

core vaccines in dogs

A

CDV, CPV-2, CAV

and rabies

53
Q

T/F

vaccinate all cats for FeLV

A

false - only vaccinate negative cats

54
Q

T/F

Chlamydophila and bordetella require tri-annual vaccinations

A

FALSE – annual

55
Q

Adjuvanted FeLV and rabies vaccination has been associated with ____

A

FISS

56
Q

where do we give the FeLV vax

A

left leg

57
Q

where do we give the rabies vax

A

right leg

small animal medicine (6 decks)

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