Vaccine for bioterrorism(done) Flashcards
Which bioterrorism agene\ts do we have vaccine for?
Anthrax, ebola, and smallpox
What is the public health responce for BT?
surveillance, contact tracing, isolation, clinical laboratory analysis, communications, decontamination
Why is there a threat of BT?
Because there are two remaining virus stocks exist in Georgia and Russia
What are the stocks remaining?
For research, government weapons
What is the vaccine for small pox?
1)ACAM2000 live vaccinia vaccine
2)APSV vaccinia vaccine
3)JYNNEOS live, non-replicating vaccine(immunosuppressed people)
What other disease does the vaccinia vaccine give cross protection for?
orthopoxviruses(monkeypox, cowpox, variola)
What is the vaccine availability for smallpox?
Supply controlled by CDC. Enough to vaccinate all of US
What is the efficacy of smallpox vaccine?
lack of data on immune response.
Who should get the smallpox vaccine?
revaccination every 3-10 years if a labratory worker, some healthcare workers
True or false: post exposure prophalaxsis is effective againist exposure to smallpox.
true, it reduces symptoms and prevents disease.
What is the vaccinaion procedure for ACAM2000 or APSV?
vaccine vial has 100 doses, vaccinator should wear glovs, remove aluminum seal and rubber stopper, administer into rightarm over deltoid, cleaning unnecessary, Bifurcated needles supplied with vaccines
Explain vaccine procedure for smallpox.
vaccine process call scarification, needle at right angle to skin, multiple punctures(15) in 5mm area, cover with gauze and tape until scab falls away
Describe the evolution of the vaccine site after receiving smallpox vaccine.
Day 3: red papule
Day 5: vesicular site
7:Jennerian pustule
10: expanding erthema
14: crust
What are some of the adverse reactions to smallpoz vaccine?
fever and lymphadenopathy, rashes, auto-inoculation, genneralized vaccinia, myopericarditis, ezcema vaccinatum, postvaccination encephalitis, death
WHat are the vaccine contridictions for smallpox in an emergency?
none because of high risk of death
What public health approaches are used to reduce spread of vaccination?
ring vacination, vaccinate those who have been in contact with person infected
How long are those who have been in contact with smallpox watched for?
18 days after last contact with case, 14 days after vaccination
Who is reccomended to get Mpox vaccine?
people who have been in contact with mpox, people who have had sexual contact with someone with mpox,
How is JYNNEOS administered?
2 doses seperated by 4 weeks, subcutaneous, injection site reactions
What vaccines are used to prevent Anthrax?
1)BioThrax, BioPort corporation
2)Cell-free filtrate of B. anthracis culture
no dead or live bacteria
What is the immunization schedule of Anthrax?
IM, 0, 1, 6, 12, 18 months, annual boosters
What is the schedule for Anthrax postexposure prophalaxis?
3 dose regimen, 0,2,4 weeks
What are contradictions for Anthrax vaccine?
history of infection, anaphylaxis, postpone for moderate to severe illness
Is the ANtrax vaccine effective?
yes. 95% have high concentration of antibodies
What are adverse reactions associated with Anthrax vaccine?
local reactions, systemic symptoms
What is ebola?
rare, deadly viral infection
how is ebola transmitted?
bodily fluids
What are the symptoms of ebola?
fever, myalgia, internal hemorrhage, vomiting or couphing blood, death(70-90%)
What vaccine is used to prevent ebola virus?
rVSV-ZEBOV for Zaire ebolavirus, was not effective for 2022 outbreak
How is the ebola vaccine used?
single imL dose IM for healthy, nonpregnant, adults with occupational exposure
What are the adverse effects of ebola vaccine?
analphylaxis, decreased WBC, arthralgia, arthritis
