Uvea

Question 1

What is the uvea?

Answer 1

The uvea is the pigmented vascular layer of the eye

Question 2

What does the anterior uvea consist of?

Answer 2

The iris and the ciiary body

Question 3

What does the posterior uvea consist of?

Answer 3

The choroid

Question 4

What is the most common cause of anterior uveitis in children?

Answer 4

Trauma

Question 5

What is sympathetic ophthalmia?

Answer 5

It is when a patient experiences penetrating injury to one eye and it becomes blind.It is important then toremove the eye within 10 days so that the eye does not infect the other healthy eye and cause an immune response

Question 6

What is Behcets syndrome?

Answer 6

It is a triad of anterior uveitis, hypopyon formation, and genital and mouth ulcers

Question 8

What are the infective causes of uveitis?

Answer 8

• Toxoplasmosis
• TB
• Syphillis
• Herpes zoster,Herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, candida, meningococcus

Question 9

What is toxoplasma gondii?

Answer 9

It is an intestinal parasite of the cat which is the most single cause of posterior uveitis

Question 10

How does an anterior uveitis present with?

Answer 10

It presents as a painful red eye

Question 11

How does a posterior uveitis present?

Answer 11

It presents with a comfortable white eye

Question 12

What are the signs of anterior uveitis as depicted in this image?

Answer 12

• The presence of a hypopyon which is the accumulation of white cells and fibrin at the inferior anterior chamber angle
• Ciliary injection
• Keratic precipitates-which are yellow,white or brown spots that collect at the inferior corneal endothelium
• Dull view of the fundus
• positive test for iritis
• Discomfort not relieved by local anaesthetic

Question 13

What are the symptoms of anterior uveitis?

Answer 13

1. Dull vision
2. Redness
3. Deep seated pain which is absent in children
4. Photophobia
5. Tearing

Question 14

What is worse with posterior uveitis? For the lesions to be close to the macula or in the periphery?

Answer 14

It is far worse when it is close to the macula

Question 15

What are the signs of posterior uveitis on fundoscopy?

Answer 15

1. Dull view of the fundus due to a vitreous haze
2. Retinal vasculitis associated with white poorly circumscribed sheath surrounding a blood vessel
3. Choroidoretinitis-This has a cotton wool apperance-white or yellow and poorly circumscibed borders

Question 16

What does the image portray?

Answer 16

It is known as posterior synechiae- the posterior aspect of the iris is then adhered to the anterior aspect of the lens and creates a fixed and irregular pupil. When it is serious it can cause obstruction of the aqueous and the anterior aspect of the iris can bulge and cause secondary acute angle closure glaucoma

Question 17

What are the complications of posterior uveitis?

Answer 17

1. choroidoretinal scar formation- permant loss of visual acuity can occur if the scar is on the macula
2. Exudative scar formation-inflammatory process between neuroretina and the the retinal pigment epithelium
3. rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
4. Papillitis-which later becomes optic atrophy