UTI summary

Question 1

who has UTIs more?

Answer 1

women

Question 2

what are the causative bacteria of UTIs?

Answer 2

they are usually endogenous bacteria from the GIT usually E coli

Question 3

what are the LUTI signs?

Answer 3

dysuria, frequency, urgency and supra-pubic pain or tenderness

Question 4

what are the upper UTI or pyelonephritis signs?

Answer 4

LUTIs plus loin pain, fever and signs of systemic infections such as rigors, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea

Question 5

what are the signs of a catheter UTI?

Answer 5

systemic symptoms, supra-pubic pain or tenderness and purulent discharge around the catheter

Question 6

what are urosepsis signs?

Answer 6

any location of UTI with signs of systemic infection such as rigors, tachycardia, hypotension and raised inflammatory markers

Question 7

what are signs of prostatitis?

Answer 7

LUTIs in men, recurrence, tender prostate and acute retention

Question 8

when would a dipstick not be used?

Answer 8

in children less than 3 months, over 65s or those patients with catheters

Question 9

when are investigations sent?

Answer 9

before starting ABs

Question 10

when do you always do blood cultures?

Answer 10

pyelonephritis, urosepsis and any patient who requires IV

Question 11

what are the main types of stream assessment?

Answer 11

CSU and MSU

Question 12

what does raised leukocytes show?

Answer 12

inflammation

Question 13

what are the clinical details and bacterial growth used for?

Answer 13

interpretation and if in presence of symptoms then guiding the antimicrobial therapy

Question 14

what needs to be done before completing an investigation?

Answer 14

the instructions on how to do test need to be given

Question 15

what is the issue and two examples of prosthetic material?

Answer 15

it becomes colonised quickly

nephrostomy tubes and catheters

Question 16

what is done for suspected pyelopnephritis?

Answer 16

imaging including USS and CT

Question 17

what is the basis of treatment?

Answer 17

it is done based on symptoms and not results

Question 18

how would you treat asymptomatic bacteriuria?

Answer 18

in elderly do not treat

in pregnancy do 2 samples, confirm and treat

Question 19

how would you treat LUTIs?

Answer 19

women for 3 days and men for 7

nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and pivemecillinam

Question 20

how would you treat pyelonephritis?

Answer 20

treat for 7-14 days and never use nitrofurantoin

need systemically active ABs such as gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, aztreonam

Question 21

how would you treat prostatitis?

Answer 21

treat for 2-4 weeks 
antibiotics that penetrate the prostate (there are few)
ciprofloxacin 
cotrimoxazole
piperacillin-tazobactam

Question 22

what is done if the treatment does not improve the condition?

Answer 22

consider alternative causes of symptoms - STIs, UT stones