Uterus, Uterine Tubes And Cervix Flashcards
What is the endometrium?
Inner layer of uterus
Dependent on steroids
Responds cyclically to hormone changes
How many layers does the uterus contain and what are they?
2;
Outer - muscular myeometrium
Inner - endometrium
Changes occur in the glandular and cells though the cycle
TRUE or FALSE
True
Most of endometrium is lost after menstruation
And stromal matrix with small columnar cells with glandular extensions
What is the proliferative phase?
The follicular phase of the ovary
What is the proliferative phase stimulated by?
Oestradiol from the dominant follicle
What changes occur in the uterus in the proliferative phase?
Stromal cell division and ciliated surface
Glands expand and become torturous
Increases vascularity
Induction of progesterone receptors
Small muscular contractions of the endometrium
What is the secretory phase?
2/3 days after ovulation
What does progesterone cause in the endometrium during the secretory phase?
Decrease cell division so heavy bleeding stops
Secretion of glycoproteins –> egg sticks to this to get nutrients
Oedema, increases vascular permeability
What does progesterone cause in the myometrium in the secretory phase?
Cell enlarge and movement is depressed
Blood supply increases
What happens during menstruation?
Steroid levels fall and so some of the endometrial lining regresses and is discarded.
Due to hypoxia caused by constriction of the spinal arteries (causes weakening), followed by dilatation (blood is lost)
What changes do epithelial cells undergo in the uterine tubes?
Undergo differentiation
Increase in height due to oestrogen
What are the different sections of the uterine tubes?
Intramural –> isthmus –> ampulla –> infundibulum –> fimbriae (leads to ovary)
Where does the egg get fertilised usually?
Ampulla of the uterine tube
How is the oocyte moved along the tube?
By the beating of the cilia, stimulated to grow by oestrogen
Rapid contraction of muscular layer caused my oestrogen
What is the function of the secretory glands in the cervix?
Produce mucous which act as a protective barrier to infection and allows passage of motile sperm
