Usual and Unusual Patterns of Genetics Flashcards
T or F
Virtually all diseases, except trauma, have a genetic component
True
T or F
There is complementary base pairing among bases
True
Genes present in human genome that code human proteins
22000 genes
T or F
‘Junk DNA’ make up as much as 90 percent of the genome
99.9 bases are exactly the same among people
True
Doctor from Italy who impregnated 6 women with clone babies
A hoax
Dr…
Cause of diseases
Variations in genes
Genetic Risk Factors
Genetic Protective Factors
Environmental Risk Factors
Interrelation of factors
Know the sex, preference, lifestyle, predisposition to certain illnesses
Employers will use this information
To a certain extent is true
Genetic determinism
T or F
Genes are fixed
False
Epigenetics
Refer to changes in gene function that occur without changes in gene sequence
Reversible by environmental factors
How to silence genes?
DNA methylation
Histone modification
Gene that dictates mammalian code
‘Aguti’?
Low technology tool offering high technology medicine
Not just for genetic disorders
Identify at risk and not at risk
Aids in reaching a correct diagnosis and an accurate prognosis
Family History
Taking a Family History
Ask about early onset preventable diseases
Ask about informative relatives
Record racial and ethnic background
About 2nd degree consanguinity
Common Red Flags
Reproductive or prenatal history issues -sterility, miscarriages Early or unexpected death -infantile death Cognitive and behavioral disorders Growth and stature disorders Sensory organ deficits
Family History
S C R E E N
Provides a pictorial representation of diseases within a family
Tool for making a medical diagnosis
Educating the patient
Distinguishing genetic from other risk factors
Family Pedigree
Tongue rolling
Dominant
Dangling earlobe
Dominant
Confounding factors in recognizing patterns of inheritance
Variable expressivity
Small paternity size