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OS 201 > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

0
Q

Self vs non-self

A

Self resisting non-self (pathogens with PAMPs)
Non-self may be non-threat (food, fetus, normal microbiome)
Threats may be self-derived (cancer, autoimmune)

Demarcation problem: self as superorganism (host + microbiome)?

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1
Q

True or False

Body contains more nonhuman cells than human cells

A

True

Most are in the GI

Least expect: Brain

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2
Q

Potentially harmful agent that may cause damage

A

Danger

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3
Q

Disruption of normal structure/function

A

Damage

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4
Q

Clinical manifestation of damage

A

Disease

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5
Q

Theory

Core function of immune system is recognition of danger

A

Danger Hypothesis

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6
Q

Danger signals of damaged self

A

Necrosis, leaking out

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7
Q

Reflects balance between tendencies to either tolerate or attack agents

Can’t have too low or too high (defeats the purpose)

A

Danger threshold

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8
Q

Unresponsiveness to certain agents (self or non-self)

A

Tolerance

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9
Q

Resistance to harmful effects of disease-causing agents

A

Immunity

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10
Q

Pathologically exaggerated immune reaction with features of inflammation

A

Hypersensitivity

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11
Q

Hypersensitivity directed to

Allergen

Self

A

Allergy

Autoimmunity

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12
Q

Hypothesis

Insufficient exposure of host to pathogens during development leads to increased risk of autoimmunity and allergy

A

Hygiene hypothesis

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13
Q

Agent with potential to be recognized by components of immune system

A

Antigen

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14
Q

Secreted/soluble form of immunoglobulins

Recognize antibody

A

Antibody

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15
Q

IgM
IgG
IgA
IgE

A

First to appear

Majority of circulating antibody

16
Q

Innate defensive barriers

A

Skin
Temperature
Low pH

17
Q

Double-stranded RNA is a red flag

A

True

18
Q

Coating with substances that increases susceptibility to phagocytes

A

Opsonization

19
Q

Typical response of vascularized tissue to injury/infection

A

Inflammation

20
Q

Mostly develop in bone marrow

Bursa of Fabricius

A

B cells

21
Q

Mostly develop in thymus

Recognize antigen using Fab-like TCR

A

T cells

22
Q

Use CD8 as coreceptor for antigen recognition

Recognize and kill cells expressing specific antigens via apoptosis

A

T cytotoxic cells

23
Q

Expess CD4 protein as a coreceptor

A

T helper cells

24
Q

Process antigen intracellularly

Enable T cells to recognize antigen

A

Antigen-presenting cells

25
Q

Drives cell mediated resposes

Vs

Antibody mediated responses

A

Th1

Th2

26
Q

Typically express Foxp3 transcriptional regulator

A

Tregs

T regulatory cells

27
Q

Defined by presence or abscence oligosaccharide moeities

A

ABO blood groups

28
Q

Defined by presence or abscence of RhD antigen

A

Rh groups

OS 201 (9 decks)

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