USSR aims 1941-1945 Flashcards
Aims at conferences 1945
Tehran conference
28th November of 1943
Agree ussr can have large parts of Poland
Uk/us will invade France in May of 1944 not the balklands – so ussr can liberate eastern Europe
Tension – ussr feel invasion is being delayed to weaken them
Yalta conference
February 4–11, 1945
Agree: Germany divided into 4 zones
Disagree: Misunderstandings on ‘sphere of influence’ and plans for eastern European/ German ‘elections, ‘ two very different meanings ideologically
Disagree: soviet expansion. Compromise ad soviets gain polish territory east of Curzon line. Germany loses territory to Poland to compensate.
Potsdam conference
17 July to August 2, 1945
Agree; Germany de militarized and de Nazified [Nuremburg trails nov 1945- oct 1946] , Germany split into 4 zones with berlin
Disagree: reparations, reach compromise with of taking from own zone, takes 10million 1945-1949
Disagree: how Germany will be run. West want Acc government, but USSR feel they will be outvoted. Established with little power.
2nd front
2nd Moscow cofrence – 12th august 1942 – refuse to open and 2nd front in cherbourgh france
Lasts over 3 and ½ hrs – tensions rise – stalin wants to relase suffering on soviet fronts – suggest taking back british virgin islands
Tension as ; fighting worse on soviet fron , 25million killed vs 7million from uk/usa — stalin feels west are intentionally weakening ussr
not till – , opened on June 6, 1944, with the D-Day landings in Normandy
Influence in eastern Europe
argue do not fufill aim of total control
-October 9, 1944 Percentages agreement
Greece: 90% British sphere of influence, 10% Soviet.
Romania: 90% Soviet sphere of influence, 10% British.
Hungary: 50% Soviet sphere of influence, 50% British.
Bulgaria: 75% Soviet sphere of influence, 25% British
Eval = Do suceed
Poland- Invade 13th July 1944, reach Warsaw by 24th, plan radio uprising for August 1st, but bail out. 200000 killed, 150000 sent to concentration camps, later establish communist dominated provisional; government in Jan 1945, form coalitions, able to win 394 seats to peasants 28
Czechoslovakia – Gain influence, 8 seats given to key USSR leaders eg] minister of the interior, ensuring communist police state. Red army raise coup Feb 1948. Key politicians eg] Jan Masaryk killed March 1948.
Romania - liberated by USSR in 1944. Red army coup march 1945, establish National democratic front. Apply redistribution of land and ballot rigging/intimidation, win 70% of vote November 1956.
Financial aid
Lend lease act - March 11, 1941 – provides 11.3 billion to ussr vs 31 billion to uK throughout war
Tension as – ussr need money more, stalingard invasion is detrimential – 22nd June 1941 – 8000000 Killed, 6 million captured and wounded
NEED AID= 1941 grain decreased 1.7 times compared to 1940.
GDP fell 34%
