Collapse of communism in USSR

Question 1

1)Instability -Russia

Answer 1

New union treaty planned for August 19th 1991
-August 18th 1991 begins , Gorbachev is on vacation
-Declare control
- 3 killed , Yeltsin rallies
August 21st coup falls

August 24th 1991 - Dissolve the communist party
December 31st 1991 - The USSR ended

Question 2

2)Instability -Caucasians /NAGORO KARABKH

Answer 2

Georgia -Mass protest demand independence
8th April 1989 – 19 killed as troops open fire

FEB 1988 – vote for independence from Azerbaijan – want to be absorbed by Armenia

Popular front blockade Armenia after attempt to absorb it

APRIL 1988 – 91 killed in demonstrations

Jan 20th 1990 - USSR sends troops – over 130 killed

30,000 Killed by ceasefire 1994

Question 3

3)Stability -Baltics

Answer 3

Estonia -November 16, 1988: The Estonian Sovereignty Declaration was adopted
August 20, 1991: Estonia declared full independence

Latvia - May 4, 1990: The Latvian Supreme Soviet declared Latvia’s independence.

Lithuania -March 11, 1990: declare independence from the Soviet Union. April 1990 trade blockade

Singing revolution -Baltic Way -August 23, 1989. Over 2 million people held hands in a 600 km-long human chain

JAN 1991 – Lithania, Estonia, Latvia all invaded by ussr
13 killed – increases desire for independence
Too much pressure-USSR’s recognition of their independence on September 6, 1991.

Question 4

4)war - Checnya

Answer 4

December 1994: Russian forces launched a military campaign to suppress the Chechen independence movement

50,000 civilian deaths, about 5% of Chechnya’s pre-war population

1000 killed in Grozny capital

2nd Chechnya war 1999-2000
Conclusive Russian victory

Question 5

1993 consitutional crisis

Answer 5

1993 Russian constitutional crisis
September 21, 1993: Yeltsin’s Decree

President Boris Yeltsin issues Decree 1400, which effectively dissolves the Russian Supreme Soviet (parliament) and calls for new parliamentary elections

The Supreme Soviet, led by Vice President Aleksandr Rutskoy and parliament speaker Ruslan Khasbulatov, declares that Yeltsin has been deposed.

October 3, 1993: The Final Assault Begins

Yeltsin orders military action against the White House, and tanks and artillery are deployed to shell the building.

October 4, 1993: Yeltsin Declares Victory
Rutskoy and Khasbulatov arrested