Using genome projects (20)

Question 1

What is the genome?

Answer 1

complete set of genetic information contained in the cells of an organism

Question 2

What is genome sequencing?

Answer 2

identifying the DNA base sequence of an individual

Question 3

What is the advantage of genome sequencing?

Answer 3

allows us to determine the amino acid sequence of the polypeptides coded for by that DNA

Question 4

What is the proteome?

Answer 4

complete set of proteins that can be produced by an organism

Question 5

What 2 things can we do in simple organisms

Answer 5

• we can directly translate the genome into the proteome
• the proteome can be sequenced by identifying potential antigens for use in vaccine production

Question 6

What can we not do in complex organisms and why?

Answer 6

cannot directly translate the genome into the proteome due to the presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes, so it is much harder to obtain the proteome

Question 7

What are 4 uses of genome sequencing?

Answer 7

• comparing genomes between species to determine evolutionary relationships
• genetic matching
• personalised medicine
• synthetic biology

Question 8

How have sequencing methods changed overtime?

Answer 8

used to be a manual process, but now it has become automated

Question 9

How is sequencing done nowadays?

Answer 9

a reaction mixture is created and after the process is complete, a machine reads the base sequence