Useful Chunks Flashcards
to broaden
make wider
(to expand) one’s experience
eg This is a great way to broaden overall experience and knowledge.
eg The center will broaden educational experiences to maximize learning opportunities.
بحث پیرامون ….. هم به موقع است و هم با اهمیت.
The debate about ….. is both timely and crucial.
= بحث پیرامون ….. هم به موقع است و هم با اهمیت.
e. g. The debates about the viability and desirability of all-electric and hybrid cars is both timely and crucial.
I think it would be more prudent/beneficial/ useful/ productive/ interesting/ practical/ valuable/ impressive …, if instead of …ing, children/ students/ physicians/ patients … did …/ there was/ were …
e. g. I think it would be more beneficial, if instead of playing computer games excessively, children were encouraged in their free time to participate actively in team sports outdoors.
prudent beneficial useful productive interesting practical valuable impressive
تا همین یک قرن پیش غالبا تصور ….. سخت بود…
Until a century ago, it was often hard to imagine something/that/how …
=تا همین یک قرن پیش غالبا تصور ….. سخت بود …
(1) Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine the depth of environmental problems in mega-cities.
(2) Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine that anyone could talk on phone in the street, let alone in a moving car.
let alone = چه برسد به …
(3) Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine how space programs could make life better.
to establish and guarantee a fair balance between … and …
e. g. Business executives should establish and guarantee a fair balance between profits and the interest of factory workers.
e. g. Teachers need to establish and guarantee a fair balance between competition and cooperation at schools.
to establish and guarantee a fair balance between … and …
… میتواند فواید بسیاری را برای ….. به ارمغان آورد …
… can deliver a multitude of benefits for …
= … میتواند فواید بسیاری را برای … به ارمغان آورد …
e. g. Consuming from five to ten different vegetables and fruits each day can deliver a multitude of benefits for our health.
Much needs to be done to find out how … affects … as a whole.
e. g. Much needs to be done to find out how the use of electric cars affects drivers’ experiences as a whole.
Much needs to be done to find out how … affects … as a whole.
to lay the groundwork for the development of …
e. g. The local stadium can lay the groundwork for the development of sports in schools in the rural neighborhood.
e. g. Parent-teacher associations (PTAs) would lay the groundwork for increased collaboration between schools and families. (PTA = انجمن اولیا و مربیان در مدارس)
to lay the groundwork for the development of …
برای/در ….. نقش محوری دارد…
… takes/occupies center stage for/in …
= to be in a situation in which someone or something receives a lot of attention
= ….. برای/در ….. نقش محوری دارد
e.g. Innovation takes center stage for today’s successful organizations.
e. g. Parents’ behavior occupies center stage in child education.
= رفتار والدین در تربیت فرزندان نقش محوری دارد.
There are better ways of … than …
e. g. There are better ways of treating obesity and eating disorders than surgery.
e. g. There are better ways of experimenting in the laboratory than injuring animals.
There are better ways of … than …
امروزه … با مشکلاتی مواجه شده که نه تنها باید … بلکه همچنین باید …
Today’s … has/have faced the challenge of not only having to …, but also having to …
e. g. Today’s sports professionals have faced the challenge of not only having to be at the top of their careers, but also having to be constantly employable.
We can reduce our environmental footprint (= the harmful effects of your activities on the environment)
e. g. We can reduce our environmental footprint by recycling as much as we can.
We can reduce our environmental footprint
همین (موضوع) در مورد ….. نیز صادق است
… The same (argument) also holds true for …
همین (موضوع) در مورد … نیز صادق است
e.g. Doing sports at schools can help increase students’ self-confidence and optimism. The same holds true for people in society.
… has made … much easier than it used to be.
e. g. Modern technology has made communication much easier than it used to be.
e. g. The internet has made shopping much easier than it used to be.
… has made … much easier than it used to be.
در عصر ارتباطات الکترونیکی…
In the age of electronic media, …
e.g. In the age of electronic media, writing Telegram messages has replaced many other forms of communication.
As a general rule, people should (not) … at the expense of missing the opportunity to …
e. g. As a general rule, people should not seek pleasure at the expense of missing the opportunity to develop their potential at an age that heavily influence future outcomes.
e. g. As a general rule, scientists should not advance their own private interest at the expense of missing the opportunity to find much-needed answers to modern-day issues in mega-cities.
As a general rule, people should (not) … at the expense of missing the opportunity to …
اینکه ….. یا ….. به نظر هنوز جای بحث داره
هنوز جای بحث داره که ….. یا …..
Whether … or … appears to be a moot point.
OR : It is a moot point whether … or … .
> > a moot point = sth that different people have different opinions about
… is still a moot point = هنوز جای بحث داره
e. g. Whether globalisation is a constructive force or a destructive one appears to be a moot point.
e. g. It is a moot point whether people should choose their friends on the basis of their common interest, or not.
… should give primacy to …
e. g. While some countries give primacy to education, some others rely on economic opportunities.
… should give primacy to …
The speed of … changes makes it necessary for people to (be able to) …
e. g. The speed of technological, professional, and societal changes makes it necessary for people to become life-long learners.
The speed of … changes makes it necessary for people to (be able to) …
سود بردن از سرعت رشدِ ….. به علتِ …..
to benefit from the rapid rise of … because …
e. g. Organisations can benefit from the rapid rise of the Internet because they can speed up the delivery of their services.
e. g. Almost everyone could benefit from the rapid rise of recycling in the glass industry because it reduces the amount of waste.
The debate about ….. is both timely and crucial.
= بحث پیرامون ….. هم به موقع است و هم با اهمیت.
e. g. The debates about the viability and desirability of all-electric and hybrid cars is both timely and crucial.
The debate about ….. is both timely and crucial.
= بحث پیرامون ….. هم به موقع است و هم با اهمیت
با اوج‌گیری بحث پیرامون ….. مهم است که …
Given the intensification of the debate over …, it is important that …
e. g. Given the intensification of the debate over the role of advanced electronic equipment in education, it is important that teachers integrate technology into their classroom.
> > Given the intensification of the debate over … = با اوج‌گیری بحث پیرامون …
to benefit from the rapid rise of … because …
e. g. Organisations can benefit from the rapid rise of the Internet because they can speed up the delivery of their services.
e. g. Almost everyone could benefit from the rapid rise of recycling in the glass industry because it reduces the amount of waste.
to benefit from the rapid rise of … because …
… The same (argument) also holds true for …
همین (موضوع) در مورد … نیز صادق است
e.g. Doing sports at schools can help increase students’ self-confidence and optimism. The same holds true for people in society.
… The same (argument) also holds true for …
همین (موضوع) در مورد … نیز صادق است
Whether … or … appears to be a moot point.
OR : It is a moot point whether … or … .
> > a moot point = sth that different people have different opinions about
… is still a moot point = هنوز جای بحث داره
e. g. Whether globalisation is a constructive force or a destructive one appears to be a moot point.
e. g. It is a moot point whether people should choose their friends on the basis of their common interest, or not.
Whether … or … appears to be a moot point.
OR : It is a moot point whether … or … .
> > a moot point = sth that different people have different opinions about
… is still a moot point = هنوز جای بحث داره
انجام دادن ….. به قیمت از دست رفتن …..
که اگر مهمتر نباشد، حداقل به همان اندازه اهمیت دارد.
… (to do sth) … to the exclusion of (sth else) …
> > if you do one thing to the exclusion of sth else, you only do the first thing and do not do the second thing at all.
e. g. Some schools privilege academic learning to the exclusion of leisure reading, which is equally, if not more, important.
NB. which is equally, if not more, important =
که اگر مهمتر نباشد، حداقل به همان اندازه اهمیت دارد.
وسیع کردن
پهن کردن
عریض کردن
to broaden
make wider
(to expand) one’s experience
eg This is a great way to broaden overall experience and knowledge.
eg The center will broaden educational experiences to maximize learning opportunities.
… takes/occupies center stage for/in …
= to be in a situation in which someone or something receives a lot of attention
= ….. برای/در ….. نقش محوری دارد
e.g. Innovation takes center stage for today’s successful organizations.
e. g. Parents’ behavior occupies center stage in child education.
= رفتار والدین در تربیت فرزندان نقش محوری دارد.
… takes/occupies center stage for/in …
= to be in a situation in which someone or something receives a lot of attention
= ….. برای/در ….. نقش
Given the intensification of the debate over …, it is important that …
e. g. Given the intensification of the debate over the role of advanced electronic equipment in education, it is important that teachers integrate technology into their classroom.
> > Given the intensification of the debate over … = با اوج‌گیری بحث پیرامون …
Given the intensification of the debate over …, it is important that …
فکر میکنم محتاطانه‌تر، سودمند‌تر، قابل‌استفاده‌تر، تولیدکننده‌تر، جالب‌تر، عملی‌تر، ارزشمند‌تر، تاثیرگذارتر، … خواهد بود، اگر به جای …ملت … میکردند.
I think it would be more prudent/beneficial/ useful/ productive/ interesting/ practical/ valuable/ impressive …, if instead of …ing, children/ students/ physicians/ patients … did …/ there was/ were …
e. g. I think it would be more beneficial, if instead of playing computer games excessively, children were encouraged in their free time to participate actively in team sports outdoors.
ساختن و ضمانت کردن تعادلِ بین … و …
to establish and guarantee a fair balance between … and …
e. g. Business executives should establish and guarantee a fair balance between profits and the interest of factory workers.
e. g. Teachers need to establish and guarantee a fair balance between competition and cooperation at schools.
… can deliver a multitude of benefits for …
= … میتواند فواید بسیاری را برای … به ارمغان آورد …
e. g. Consuming from five to ten different vegetables and fruits each day can deliver a multitude of benefits for our health.
… can deliver a multitude of benefits for …
= … میتواند فواید بسیاری را برای … به ارمغان آورد …
سرعت تغییرات …. واجب کرده که مردم …..
The speed of … changes makes it necessary for people to (be able to) …
e. g. The speed of technological, professional, and societal changes makes it necessary for people to become life-long learners.
خیلی کارها باید انجام بشه تا بفهمیم چگونه … روی … تاثیر میگذارد، در کل.
Much needs to be done to find out how … affects … as a whole.
e. g. Much needs to be done to find out how the use of electric cars affects drivers’ experiences as a whole.
انجام کارهای زمینه‌ای برای گسترش/پیشرفت …
to lay the groundwork for the development of …
e. g. The local stadium can lay the groundwork for the development of sports in schools in the rural neighborhood.
e. g. Parent-teacher associations (PTAs) would lay the groundwork for increased collaboration between schools and families. (PTA = انجمن اولیا و مربیان در مدارس)
Until a century ago, it was often hard to imagine something/that/how …
=تا همین یک قرن پیش غالبا تصور ….. سخت بود …
(1) Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine the depth of environmental problems in mega-cities.
(2) Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine that anyone could talk on phone in the street, let alone in a moving car.
let alone = چه برسد به …
(3) Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine how space programs could make life better.
Until a century ago, it was hard to imagine sth/that/how
= تا همین یک قرن پیش غالبا تصور … سخت بود
راه‌های بهتری از ….. هست
There are better ways of … than …
e. g. There are better ways of treating obesity and eating disorders than surgery.
e. g. There are better ways of experimenting in the laboratory than injuring animals.
ما میتوانیم رد پای خود در طبیعت را با … کاهش دهیم
We can reduce our environmental footprint (= the harmful effects of your activities on the environment)
e. g. We can reduce our environmental footprint by recycling as much as we can.
…..، …. خیلی ساده‌تر از چیزی که بود کرده
… has made … much easier than it used to be.
e. g. Modern technology has made communication much easier than it used to be.
e. g. The internet has made shopping much easier than it used to be.
In the age of electronic media, …
e.g. In the age of electronic media, writing Telegram messages has replaced many other forms of communication.
In the age of electronic media, …
در عصر ارتباطات الکترونیکی…
Today’s … has/have faced the challenge of not only having to …, but also having to …
e. g. Today’s sports professionals have faced the challenge of not only having to be at the top of their careers, but also having to be constantly employable.
Today’s … has/have faced the challenge of not only having to …, but also having to …
امروزه … با مشکلاتی مواجه شده که نه تنها باید … بلکه همچنین باید …
به عنوان یک قانون کلی، مردم باید/نباید ….. به قیمت از دست دادن فرصت …
As a general rule, people should (not) … at the expense of missing the opportunity to …
e. g. As a general rule, people should not seek pleasure at the expense of missing the opportunity to develop their potential at an age that heavily influence future outcomes.
e. g. As a general rule, scientists should not advance their own private interest at the expense of missing the opportunity to find much-needed answers to modern-day issues in mega-cities.
….. باید الویت بدهند به …..
… should give primacy to …
e. g. While some countries give primacy to education, some others rely on economic opportunities.
