Use Of Guidance And Feedback Flashcards
What are the 4 types of guidance?
•visual
•verbal
•manual
•mechanical
What is visual guidance? Examples? What benefits does it offer to coach/performer?
Aim is to give a demonstration and give learner perfect model that they can copy e.g demo, video, film, visual displays
>benefits
•offers efficiency in terms of time
•gives immediate picture of skill
•saves problem of trying to express skill in words which could lead to confusion
•gives novice a mental image of skill
•used in all phases of learning
What must the coach ensure the leaner is doing to progress? What must the demonstration be in order to be successful?
•learner must be: attending the demonstration, have motivation to practise, possess ability to reproduce movement, remembers info in demo until they practise
•demonstration must be: relevant to needs of performer e.g bilateral transfer, accurate, not overloading, reinforced and practised
What are the disadvantages of visual guidance?
•dependent on level of ability of demonstrator
•some images are too static
•some skills are too complex
•some info not relevant to performer
•difficult to use in isolation I.e often needs verbal guidance to supplement it
What is verbal guidance? What does it need to be in order to be successful? What are the 2 things the instructions should convey?
Coach is describing and explaining movement using voice/sound
•must be clear and precise
•relatively short so it doesn’t overload performer
•appropriate to level of performer
•used when perceptual judgment is required
•used when skill is open
>must convey:
•what the action is
•how the learner is able to carry out the movement
What are the disadvantages of verbal guidance?
•taking too long can demotivate performer
•risk of overload
•less selective for cognitive learners as they don’t have selective attention
•some skills are too difficult to describe
•pace of description doesn’t meet pace of skill
What is manual guidance?
Coach transports performer through the movement w/ little or no effort from performer, w/ idea being that the learner gets the feel of the correct movement of each part being involved
What is physical restriction/ mechanical? Name examples
Learners movement restricted by external object, acting in a guiding capacity whilst performer produces effort to produce action e.g harness, swim bands
What are the advantages of manual guidance?
•decreases danger elements
•decreases fear and increases confidence to try the skill
•encourages learner in situations where they’d not normally venture
•gives idea of spatial patterns involved
What are the disadvantages of manual guidance?
•learner may become dependent on the support
•limited use for skills that are ballistic/complex
•fluency is lost
•limited use in large groups
•kinaesthetic and proprioceptive feel is lost
When are the 2 times feedback can be given?
•during the performance of the skill
•end of the skill
What is feedback used for?
•reinforce correct movement to strengthen SR bond
•build child’s confidence
•strengthen the motor programme
•tell the performer the movement is correct
•correct errors in performance
•ensure performer recognises what is correct and wrong
•ensure that learning is occurring
•weaken SR bond
What are the 6 types of feedback?
•positive/negative
•intrinsic/extrinsic
•knowledge of results/ performance
What is intrinsic feedback?
Information about the task comes from within the performer in the form of proprioception
What is extrinsic feedback?
Information comes from external sources such as visual/auditory cues, other people e.g coach, parents, teammates
