Skill, Skill Continuums And Transfer Of Skills Flashcards
What are the 6 things that make a skilful performance?
1)consistent/learned
2)timed
3)works toward a goal
4)follow technical model
5)fluent
6)aesthetically pleasing
What is a skill?
Learned ability to bring about predetermined results w/ minimum outlay of time and energy
What are the 6 types of classification?
1)closed-open
2)externally-paced-internally-paced
3)gross-fine
4)discrete-serial-continuous
5)simple-complex
6)low organisation-high organisation
What classifies as an open and closed skill? Name examples of skills
•closed=habitual, no environmental influence, pre-learned pattern of movement, proactive, does not need other players e.g shotput
•open=perceptual, some environmental influence, not set movement pattern, reactive, needs other players present e.g a pass in football
What classifies as an externally and internally paced skill? Name examples of skills
•externally=reactive, requires presence of others, generally are open e.g 100m sprint
•internally=proactive, doesn’t require presence of others, generally are closed e.g triple jump, football penalty
What classifies as a gross and fine skill? Name examples of skills
•gross= large movements and use of large muscle groups e.g rugby tackle, tumble turn in swimming
•fine=fine movements, motor control, small muscle groups e.g table tennis hits
What is a subroutine?
An action that is only part of the whole skill movement
What classifies as a discrete, serial and continuous skill? Name examples of skills
•discrete=a clear start and finish e.g a tennis serve
•serial=several discrete elements joined together in a specific order to produce a movement e.g triple jump
•continuous=no clear beginning and end e.g cycling, running, swimming
What classifies as a low organisation and high organisation skill? Name examples of skills
•low organisation=subroutines are discrete and easy to separate e.g swimming stroke, triple jump
•high organisation=subroutines are closely integrated and difficult or separate e.g tumble routine in gymnastics
What classifies as a simple and complex skill? Name examples of skills
•simple=low level of a number of factors
e.g forward roll, throw a ball
•complex=high level of a number of factors e.g tumble turn, hockey dribbling
1)amount of info to be processed
2)no. of decisions to be made
3)speed at which decisions are made and info processed
4)no. of subroutines
5)speed and power required
6)accuracy that’s needed
7)type and timing of feedback available
What is transfer of learning?
Influence the learning of one skill has upon the learning of another- it can be positive/negative
What are the 4 types of transfer?
•positive
•negative
•zero transfer
•bilateral transfer
What is positive transfer? Name example
Learning of a skill aids performance of another e.g a netballer learning basketball passing and shooting
What is negative transfer? Name examples
Learning of a skill hinders performance of another e.g basketballer guilty of footwork in netball-instinct to dribble
What is zero transfer? Name examples
Learning or performance of a skill has no influence on another e.g shooting in netball and breaststroke swimming
