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U.S. History (2015-16) > U.S. History Unit 4 > Flashcards

U.S. History Unit 4 Flashcards

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0
Q
  1. Eleanor Roosevelt
A

FDR’s wife ; First Lady

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1
Q
  1. Franklin D. Roosevelt
A

32nd president of the United States

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2
Q
  1. New Deal
A

The plans FDR set in place to heal America

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3
Q
  1. Fireside Chats
A

Informal radio speeches

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4
Q
  1. FDIC
A

Federal deposit insurance corporation. Insured bank deposits of up to $5,000

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5
Q
  1. TVA
A

Tennessee valley authority. Built a series of dams to control floods in the Tennessee river and to generate electricity

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6
Q
  1. CCC
A

Civilian conservation corps. Provided jobs to nearly 2 million young men

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7
Q
  1. NRA
A

National recovery administration. Developed codes of fair competition to drive businesses

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8
Q
  1. PWA
A

Public works administration. Built bridges dams power plants and government buildings

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9
Q
  1. Huey Long
A

The main critic of FDR. Was assassinated

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10
Q
  1. Second New Deal
A

Addressed the problems of the elderly, poor, and unemployed

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11
Q
  1. WPA
A

Work progress administration. Created new jobs and cost $5 billion

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12
Q
  1. Pump Priming
A

A theory thought up by John Maynard Keynes who said the allowing people the work on projects would put money in the hand of the consumers

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13
Q
  1. Social Security Act
A

Provides unemployment insurance for people who lost their jobs

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14
Q
  1. Collective Bargaining
A

process in which employers negotiatewith labor unions about hours, wages, and other workingconditions

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15
Q
  1. Fair Labor Standards Act
A

1938 law that set a minimumwage, a maximum workweek of 44 hours, and outlawedchild labor

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16
Q
  1. CIO
A

labor organizationfounded in the 1930s that represented industrialworkers

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17
Q
  1. Sit Down Strikes
A

labor protest in which workers stop workingand occupy the workplace until their demands aremet

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18
Q
  1. Black Cabinet
A

Unofficial black advisors to FDR

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19
Q
  1. Mary McLeod Bethune
A

Founded school for black girls in 1904

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20
Q
  1. Indian New Deal
A

1930s legislation that gave Indiansgreater control over their affairs and provided fundingfor schools and hospitals

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21
Q
  1. New Deal Coalition
A

political force formed by diversegroups who united to support Franklin D. Roosevelt andhis New Deal

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22
Q
  1. Welfare State
A

government that assumes responsibility forproviding for the welfare of the poor, elderly, sick, andunemployed

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23
Q
  1. Totalitarianism
A

a theory of government in which a singleparty or leader controls the economic, social, and culturallives of its people

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24
Q
  1. Joseph Stalin
A

Russian dictator

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25
Q
  1. Benito Mussolini
A

Italian dictator

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26
Q
  1. Adolf hitler
A

German dictator

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27
Q
  1. Anti Semitic
A

prejudice and discrimination against Jewishpeople

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28
Q
  1. Anschluss
A

union of Germany and Austria in 1933

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29
Q
  1. Blitzkrieg
A

“lightning war” that emphasized the use of speedand firepower to penetrate deep into the enemy’s territory

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30
Q
  1. Axis powers
A

group of countries led by Germany, Italy, andJapan that fought the Allies in World War II

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31
Q
  1. Allies
A

group of countries led by Britain, France, the UnitedStates, and the Soviet Union that fought the Axis Powersin World War II

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32
Q
  1. Neutrality act of 1939
A

act that allowed nations at war tobuy goods and arms in the United States if they paidcash and carried the merchandise on their own ships

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33
Q
  1. Lend lease act
A

act passed in 1941 that allowed PresidentRoosevelt to sell or lend war supplies to any countrywhose defense he considered vital to the safety of theUnited States

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34
Q
  1. Atlantic charter
A

joint declaration made by Great Britainand the United States during World War II that endorsednational self-determination and an international systemof general security

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35
Q
  1. WAC
A

U.S. Army group establishedduring World War II so that women could serve in noncombatroles

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36
Q
  1. Douglass MacArthur
A

World War II 5 star general

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37
Q
  1. Bataan death march
A

during World War II, the forcedmarch of American and Filipino prisoners of war underbrutal conditions by the Japanese military

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38
Q
  1. Battle of coral sea
A

World War II battle that took placebetween Japanese and American aircraft carriers

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39
Q
  1. George S. Patton Jr.
A

a senior officer of the United States Army, who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean and European Theaters of World War II

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40
Q
  1. Unconditional surrender
A

giving up completely withoutany concessions

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41
Q
  1. Saturation bombing
A

tactic of dropping massive amountsof bombs in order to inflict maximum damage

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42
Q
  1. Strategic bombing
A

tactic of dropping bombs on key politicaland industrial targets

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43
Q
  1. Tuskegee airmen
A

African American squadron that escortedbombers in the air war over Europe during World WarII

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44
Q
  1. Battle of midway
A

turning point of World War II in thePacific, in which the Japanese advance was stopped

45
Q
  1. A. Phillip Randolph
A

a leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement, the American labor movement, and socialist political parties.

46
Q
  1. Executive order 8802
A

World War II measure that assuredfair hiring practices in any job funded by the government

47
Q
  1. Bracero program
A

plan that brought laborers from Mexicoto work on American farms

48
Q
  1. Interment
A

temporary imprisonment of members of a specificgroup

49
Q
  1. 442nd regimental chat team
A

World War II unitmade up of Japanese American volunteers

50
Q
  1. Rationing
A

government-controlled limits on the amount of certaingoods that civilians could buy during wartime

51
Q
  1. OWI
A

government agencythat encouraged support of the war effort during WorldWar II

52
Q
  1. D-day
A

June 6, 1944, the day Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy, France

53
Q
  1. Battle of the bulge
A

in December 1944, Hitler ordered acounterattack on Allied troops in Belgium, but it crippledGermany by using up reserves and demoralizing itstroops

54
Q
  1. Harry S. Truman
A

33rd president

55
Q
  1. Island hopping
A

World War II strategy that involved seizingselected Japanese-held islands in the Pacific whilebypassing others

56
Q
  1. Kamikaze
A

Japanese pilots who deliberately crashedplanes into American ships during World War II

57
Q
  1. Albert Einstein
A

German physicist

58
Q
  1. Manhattan project
A

code name of the project that developedthe atomic bomb

59
Q
  1. Robert J. Oppenheimer
A

Inventor of atom bomb

60
Q
  1. Holocaust
A

name now used to describe the systematic murderby the Nazis of Jews and others

61
Q
  1. Anti-semitism
A

prejudice and discrimination against Jewishpeople

62
Q
  1. Nuremberg laws
A

laws enacted by Hitler that deniedGerman citizenship to Jews

63
Q
  1. Kristallnacht
A

“Night of the Broken Glass,” organizedattacks on Jewish communities in Germany onNovember 9, 1938

64
Q
  1. Genocide
A

Mass killing of one race or religion

65
Q
  1. Concentration camp
A

camps used by the Nazis to imprison“undesirable” members of society

66
Q
  1. Death camp
A

Nazi camp designed for the extermination ofprisoners

67
Q
  1. War refugee board
A

U.S. government agency founded in1944 to save Eastern European Jews

68
Q
  1. Satellite state
A

independent nation under the control of amore powerful nation

69
Q
  1. Cold War
A

worldwide rivalry between the United States andthe Soviet Union

70
Q
  1. Iron curtain
A

term coined by Winston Churchill to describethe border between the Soviet satellite states andWestern Europe

71
Q
  1. Truman Doctrine
A

President Truman’s promise to helpnations struggling against communist movements

72
Q
  1. George F. Kennan
A

foreign officer who formulated the “containment doctrine” which stated that Russia was relentlessly expansionary, cautious and the flow of the soviet power could be stemmed by firm and vigilant containment. he wrote “The Sources of Soviet Conduct,” which argued this containment policy

73
Q
  1. Containment
A

policy of keeping communism contained withinits existing borders

74
Q
  1. Marshall plan
A

foreign policy that offered economic aid toWestern European countries after World War II

75
Q
  1. Berlin Airlift
A

program in which U.S. and British pilots flewsupplies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade

76
Q
  1. NATO
A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; (1949) an alliance made to defend one another (militarily) if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway, Portugal and Iceland.

77
Q
  1. Warsaw Pact
A

military alliance of the Soviet Union and itssatellite states

78
Q
  1. Jiang Jieshi
A

Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975. He is known as Chiang Chung-cheng or Chiang Chieh-shih in Standard Chinese.

79
Q
  1. Mao Zedong
A

Chinese Communist revolutionary and the founding father of the People’s Republic of China

80
Q
  1. 38th parallel
A

dividing line between North and South Korea

81
Q
  1. Douglas MacArthur
A

American five-star general and Field Marshal of the Philippine Army

82
Q
  1. Limited war
A

war fought to achieve only specific goals

83
Q
  1. SEATO
A

defensivealliance aimed at preventing communist aggressionin Asia

84
Q
  1. Arms Race
A

contest in which nations compete to build morepowerful weapons

85
Q
  1. Mutually Assured Destruction
A

policy in which theUnited States and the Soviet Union hoped to deternuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroyone another

86
Q
  1. Massive Retaliation
A

policy of threatening to use massiveforce in response to aggression

87
Q
  1. Brinkmanship
A

belief that only by going to the brink of warcould the United States protect itself against communistaggression

88
Q
  1. NASA
A

government agency that coordinates U.S. effortsin space

89
Q
  1. Red scare
A

fear that communists were working to destroythe American way of life

90
Q
  1. HUAC
A

congressionalcommittee that investigated possible subversiveactivities within the United States

91
Q
  1. Blacklist
A

list of persons who were not hired because of suspectedcommunist ties

92
Q
  1. Julius and Ethel Rosenburg
A

Couple that was convicted for conspiracy to commit espionage. They were killed by electric chair

93
Q
  1. Joseph R. McCarthy
A

Republican senator who accused hundreds of Democrats as being Communists

94
Q
  1. McCarthyism
A

negative catchword for extreme, recklesscharges of disloyalty

95
Q
  1. GI Bill of Rights
A

eased the return of World War II veteransby providing education and employment aid

96
Q
  1. Baby Boom
A

increase in births between 1945 and 1964

97
Q
  1. Productivity
A

the rate at which goods are produced or servicesperformed

98
Q
  1. Taft-Hartley Act
A

a law that restricted the power of laborunions

99
Q
  1. Interstate Highway Act
A

1956 law that authorized thespending of $32 billion to build 41,000 miles of highway

100
Q
  1. Service Sector
A

businesses that provide services rather thanmanufactured goods

101
Q
  1. Information Industries
A

businesses that provide informationalservices

102
Q
  1. Franchise Businesses
A

to allow a company to distribute itsproducts or services through retail outlets owned byindependent operators

103
Q
  1. Multinational Corporations
A

companies that produce andsell their goods and services all over the world

104
Q
  1. Elvis Presley
A

Father of rock and roll. Very flamboyant and changed the world of music

105
Q
  1. Rock and roll
A

music originated in the gospel and blues traditionsof African Americans

106
Q
  1. Benjamin Spock
A

With or of th book baby care. Helped teach young parents about caring for their child

107
Q
  1. Nuclear family
A

ideal or typical household with a father,mother, and children

108
Q
  1. Median family income
A

measure of average family income

109
Q
  1. Consumerism
A

large-scale buying, much of it on credit

U.S. History (2015-16) (5 decks)

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