US History 2: Chapter 21 Flashcards
Why did Americans become interested in an overseas empire in the late 19th century?
The end of the frontier sparked fears about diminishing opportunities at home
What were the tenets of Social Darwinism?
- Civilize the world under Anglo-Saxon races
2. Anglo - Saxon Superiority: god made American Christians
What were the basic goals of the 19th century foreign policy?
Gain Hawaii and not Africa
What were the foreign policy goals of William H. Seward ?
- Canada and Mexico
- Use islands in the Caribbean as strategic bases to protect a canal across the isthmus
- Use Hawaii and other islands as stepping stones to Asia
What was the US foreign policy towards Latin Americans from 1869 to 1896?
Diverted Latin American trade from Europe through a series of reciprocity treaties; US supported Venezuela against Great Britain
What was the US relationship with Hawaii in the 19th century?
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Why did some Americans favor the annexation of Hawaii?
They wanted it as a military base, they did not want other countries taking it, and the US depended on their sugar
Who were the participants in the dispute over Pago Pago in 1889?
The US, Great Britain, and Germany
What were Alfred Thayer Mahan’s arguments for a country having a strong navy?
He argued that overseas markets were essential for industrial surpluses and reaching those markets required a large merchant marine and a strong navy to protect it at sea
What were the causes of the Spanish American War?
- Rebellion in Cuba
- Explosion of the Maine
- Congress declared Cuba independent
What was the Teller Amendment?
It promised to leave government of Cuba to the Cubans
Isolationism
A belief that the United States should avoid entanglements with other nations
Imperialism
The policy of extending a nations power over other areas through military conquest, economic domination, or annexation
What did the Treat of Paris do?
It ended the Spanish American War
Treaty of Paris
Spain recognized Cuba’s independence, assumed the Cuban debt, and ceded Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the US
Philippine American War
A war fought from 1899 - 1903 to quell Filipino resistance to US control of the Philippine Islands
Realism
Very skeptical about independence
Monroe Doctrine of 1823
Any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US
Who thought up the Monroe Doctrine?
James Monroe
James G. Blaine
The Secretary of State under James Garfield
What were the 3 places of value to the US?
Hawaii, Cuba, and Puerto Rico
Expat
Identifies more with a different culture
Reciprocity Act
No duty on sugar
Mckinley Tariff Act
Started to pay duty on sugar
How did the Mckinley Tariff Act impact Hawaii?
There was a lot of unemployment
1893 Hawaii Revolt
James G Blaine sent marines to Hawaii and the Queen surrendered
When was Hawaii annexed?
1898
When did Hawaii become a state
1959
Seward’s Folly
The purchase of Alaska in 1867, through the negotiations of Secretary of State W.H. Seward
Emilio Aguinaldo
Led forces against Spain in the Philippine War and led against the US in the Philippine American War
What did the Spanish troops call the African American soldiers?
Burned Yankees
Yellow Journalism
Because of the yellow strips comic strips in both papers
Where is Guantanamo Bay?
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
What was the nickname for the Spanish American War?
A splendid little war
John Hays Open Door Policy
Aimed to secure international agreement to the U.S. policy of promoting equal opportunity for international trade and commerce in China, and respect for China’s administrative and territorial integrity
American Anti Imperialism League
It was established to battle the US annexation of the Philippines as an insular area
Foraker Act
It provided that the executive department was to be composed of a council of eleven members appointed by the president of the United States
