Chapter 31

Question 1

Moral Majority

Answer 1

It was created to combat “amoral liberals”, drug abuse, “coddling”, of criminals, homosexuality, communism and abortion

Question 2

What did the Moral Majority represent?

Answer 2

The rise of political activism among organized religions radical right wing

Question 3

Neoconservatism

Answer 3

Former liberals who advocated a strong stand against Communism abroad and free market capitalism at home

Question 4

Detente

Answer 4

A french world meaning a relaxation of tension, with the Soviet union to lessen the possibility if nuclear war in the 1970s

Question 5

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

Answer 5

The US and SU culminated four years of SALT by signing a treaty limiting the deployment of antiballistic missiles and an agreement to freeze the number of offensive missiles for five years

Question 6

Watergate Scandal

Answer 6

A break in at the Democratic National Committee offices in the Watergate complex in Washington was carried out under the direction of White House employees

Question 7

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Answer 7

A cartel of oil exporting nations

Question 8

Equal Rights Amendment

Answer 8

A proposed constitutional amendment passed by Congress in 1972 to guarantee women equal treatment under the law

Question 9

Roe v. Wade

Answer 9

The 1973 Supreme Court decision that women have a constitutional right to abortion during the early stages of pregnancy

Question 10

Camp David accords

Answer 10

President Jimmy Carter mediated a peace agreement between the leaders of Egypt and Israel at Camp David

Question 11

Iranian Hostage Crisis

Answer 11

Iranian fundamentalist sized the American embassy in Tehran and held fifty three Americans hostage for over a year

Question 12

Supply Side Economics

Answer 12

The theory that tax cuts would stimulate the economy by giving individuals more incentive to earn more money, which would lead to greater investment and eventually larger tac revenue at a lower rate

Question 13

Strategic Defense Initiative

Answer 13

Reagan’s SDI proposed to construct an elaborate computer controlled antimissile defense system capable pf destroying enemy missiles in outer space

Question 14

Discuss Nixon’s domestic policies

Answer 14

They had limited success, and through his diplomacy broke new ground in relations with China and the Soviet Union and ended in American fighting in Vietnam, he was forced to resign as president

Question 15

Discuss the foreign policies of Richard Nixon regarding detente

Answer 15

Nixon wanted to establish an American liaison mission in Beijing asa first step toward diplomatic recognition

Question 16

What was Nixon’s plan to end the Vietnam war?

Answer 16

1. Withdrawal of American troops accompanied by training to south Vietnamese forces to take over the combat role
2. Renewed bombing
3. Hard line in negotiations with Hanoi

Question 17

What were the key events in the Watergate scandal that led to Nixon’s resignation?

Answer 17

Nixon had personal involvement in the cover up and he paid to keep the burglars quiet

Question 18

What were the causes of the energy crisis?

Answer 18

The October War and the OPEC announced a 5% cut in oil production and vowed additional cuts of 5% each month until Israel surrendered the lands it took in 1967

Question 19

How did the US energy policy deal with the energy shortage?

Answer 19

They mandated increased bank reserves to curtail the supply of money in circulation

Question 20

Discuss domestic issues in the 1970s

Answer 20

1. Family: divorce rates were super high, people never marrying or postponing to a later age, mother’s worked outside of homes
2. Women: They worked in only female dominated fields , their wages were on 76 percent of men’s
3. Gay liberation: Gay demonstrators were attacked by police, AIDS, same sex marriage was taboo,

Question 21

Why was the Ford presidency deemed unsuccessful?

Answer 21

He granted Nixon a full pardon for all federal crimes he committed, he had the CIA investigated as a result of the Watergate Scandal, and he made assassination illegal as an instrument of American foreign policy

Question 22

Why was Carter said to have failed as president?

Answer 22

He had no clear sense of direction, no discerning political philosophy, and he lost a lot of money

Question 23

Describe Carter’s middle east foreign policy

Answer 23

It provided the gradual return of the Sinai to Egypt but left the Palestinians, the Arab inhabitants of the West Bank and the Gaza strip, unsettled

Question 24

What was Carter’s Iranian crisis?

Answer 24

On November 4, militants seized the US embassy in Tehran and took 53 people hostage

Question 25

Why did Reagan want he presidential election in 1980?

Answer 25

He blamed Carter for inflation and allowing the Soviets to outstrip the US military, “Are you better off now that you were 4 years ago?”

Question 26

What were the main principals of Reagan’s supply-side economics?

Answer 26

It was believed that the private sector, of encouraged by tax cuts, would shift its resources from tax shelters to productive investment

Question 27

What campaign promise to women did Reagan keep?

Answer 27

To make a symbolic gesture to women

Question 28

How did Reagan restore US standing and respect in the world?

Answer 28

He devoted himself to strengthening America’s defense and recapturing world supremacy from the Soviet Union

Question 29

What was the basic tenet of Reagan’s foreign policy?

Answer 29

He extended American economic aid

Question 30

Describe Reagan’s foreign policy toward the Soviet Union in 1987-88

Answer 30

The Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty

Question 31

Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty

Answer 31

Reagan and Gorbachev agreed to remove and destroy all intermediate range missiles in Europe