Urticaria Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

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1
Q

Urticaria definition

A

Hives, vascular rxn in the upper (papillary) dermis resulting in itchy, red, swollen lesions appearing as wheals

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2
Q

Angioedema

A

Swollen/firm, non pitting edema typically in deeper tissues than the dermis and possibly compromising airways or throat

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3
Q

Hereditary angioedema

A

Due to an esterase inhibitor deficiency leading to persistent episodes of angioedema

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4
Q

Acute urticaria and angioedema is most often caused by…

A

…hypersensitivity rxns

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5
Q

Chronic urticaria and angioedema is most often caused by…

A

…Autoimmune, idiopathic, or physical/environemtal influences

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6
Q

Chronic inducible vs chronic spontaneous urticaria

A

Symptoms triggered by physical stimuli vs no exogenous cause being evident

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7
Q

Urticarial vasculitis

A

Appears very similar to urticaria but has different etiology, often being accompanied by painful/burning sensation rather than itching, lesions last longer than 24 hrs, often chronic, often present alongside other connective tissue disease

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8
Q

H1 receptors and what do they do upon stimulation

A

Main type of receptor found on mast cells, they increase capillary vasodilation and pruritis

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9
Q

Urticaria 4 pathways and final common pathway

A

1) IgE mediated
2) non IgE mediated
3) autoimmune
4) Idiopathic

Always ends in mast cell activation and degranulation

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10
Q

Non IgE/pseudoallergic rxns and what 5 things can activate it

A

Direct activation of mast cells by non IgE mechanisms, largely unknown but some foods, dyes, medications, complement, or physical stimuli can impact

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11
Q

Autoimmune mediated allergic rxn

A

Occurs when an autoantibody against IgE binds to the IgE or other receptor on the cell that causes histamine release

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12
Q

Immediate evaluation of a patient with urticaria should include these 2 things…

A

…airway and hemodynamic status

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13
Q

Lab evaluation of chronic urticaria

A

Because 40-50% of chronic urticaria is idiopathic most likely to see normal results

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14
Q

If severe or refractory to antihistamine treatment, what drug should be given?

A

Oral corticosteroids

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15
Q

What are the anticholinergic side effects of 1st gen antihistamines?

A

Sedation, tachycardia, dry mouth, urinary retention

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16
Q

H2 blockers are only used effectively as an ___ to H1 blockers

A

Adjunct

17
Q

Chronic use of oral corticosteroids bad side effects

A
  • osteoperosis
  • immunosuppression
  • hyperglycemia